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BMR- Fireman Ch.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Matter is found in any one of three states : GASEOUS, LIQUID, and what?

A

SOLID

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2
Q

What is a substance that cannot be reduced to a simpler substance by chemical means?

A

Element

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3
Q

Over how many known elements are in existence?

A

100

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4
Q

When two or more elements are chemically combined, the resulting substance is called what?

A

Compound

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5
Q

What is a combination of elements and compounds, not chemically combined, that can be separated by physical means?

A

Mixture

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6
Q

What is a chemical combination of two or more atoms?

A

Molecule

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7
Q

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of that element?

A

Atom

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8
Q

What is considered to be a small negative charge of electricity?

A

Electron

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9
Q

What has a positive charge of electricity equal and opposite to the charge of the electron?

A

Proton

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10
Q

The electron and proton each have the same quantity of charge, although the mass of the proton is about how many times that of the electron?

A

1837

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11
Q

What is a mass about equal to that of a proton, but it has no electrical charge?

A

Neutron

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12
Q

What of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus?

A

Atomic number

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13
Q

What is generally defined as that property of a material that enables it to attract pieces of iron?

A

Magnetism

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14
Q

Electricity is a combination of a force called voltage and the movement of invisible particles known as what?

A

Current

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15
Q

What is the force that causes current to flow through a system of wires?

A

Voltage

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16
Q

What is the movement of invisible particles that causes electrical devices to operate?

A

Current

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17
Q

What law states that current is inversely proportional to resistance?

A

Ohm’s law

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18
Q

What law states that an imbalance of force on a body tends to produce an acceleration in the direction of the force?

A

Newton’s second law

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19
Q

What law states that a body at rest tends to remain at rest. A body in motion tends to remain in motion?

A

Newton’s first law

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20
Q

What law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction?

A

Newton’s third law

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21
Q

What is defined as the distance covered per unit of time?

A

Speed

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22
Q

What is speed in a certain direction?

A

Velocity

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23
Q

What is the rate at which velocity increases?

A

Acceleration

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24
Q

What property of an object is the quantity of matter that the object contains?

A

Mass

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25
What property of of the object is equal to the gravitational force with which the object is attracted to the earth?
Weight
26
What is the property that makes an object start to move, speed up, slow down, or keep moving against resistance?
Force
27
What is the property that causes objects at rest to remain at rest and objects in motion to remain in motion until acted upon by an outside force?
Inertia
28
What is defined as the capacity for doing work?
Energy
29
What is the energy associated with large bodies or objects—usually, things that are big enough to see?
Mechanical energy
30
What is energy associated with molecules?
Thermal energy
31
What is energy that arises from the forces that bind the atoms together in a molecule?
Chemical energy
32
What energy (light, X-rays,and radio waves) is associated with particles that are even smaller than atoms?
Electrical
33
Mechanical energy in transition is called what?
Work
34
Mechanical potential energy is measured in what?
Foot-pounds (ft-lb)
35
Thermal energy in transition is called what?
Heat
36
The only thermal energy that can in any sense be added to or removed from a substance is what?
Internal energy
37
Energy can be neither be destroyed not created, but only what?
Transformed
38
What law states that when the temperature is held constant, an increase in the pressure on a gas causes a proportional decrease in volume?
Boyles law
39
What law states that when the pressure is held constant, an increase in the temperature of gas causes a proportional increase in volume?
Charles law
40
What is water to which enough heat has been added to convert it from the liquid to the gaseous state?
Steam
41
Steam hotter than the boiling temperature of water is called what?
Superheated steam
42
At 600 psi the boiling temperature of water is what?
489°F
43
What refers to the rapid chemical Union of oxygen with fuel?
Combustion
44
What is an inert gas that has no chemical effect upon combustion?
Nitrogen
45
Both internal energy and heat is measured using what?
British thermal unit (Btu)
46
What is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of pure water 1°C?
Calorie
47
One Btu equals how many calories?
252
48
What property of an object is a measure of the heat level of that object?
Temperature
49
The measure of a degree of Fahrenheit is what of the total temperature change from 32°F to 213°F?
1/180
50
What is defined as the force per unit area?
Pressure
51
What is the term used to describe the actual atmospheric pressure that exists at any given moment?
Barometric
52
What law states that pressure exerted at any point upon an enclosed liquid is transmitted undiminished in all directions?
Pascal's law
53
What is that branch of mechanics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases?
Pneumatics
54
The compressed air for the pneumatic system is maintained in storage tanks ( called banks ) at a pressure of what psi?
4500
55
What is a property of metal that will allow it to shatter easily?
Brittleness
56
What refers to the ability of a metal to stretch or bend without breaking?
Ductility
57
What refers to the ability of a metal to resist penetration, wear, or cutting action?
Hardness
58
What is a property of a metal that allows it to be rolled, forged, hammered, or shaped without cracking or breaking?
Malleability
59
What refers to the ability of a metal to maintain heavy loads (or force) without breaking?
Strength
60
What is the property of a metal that will not permit it to tear or shear (cut) easily and will allow it to stretch without breaking?
Toughness
61
What metals are those composed primarily of iron?
Ferrous
62
What cannot be created nor destroyed?
Matter

Advancement (3 decks)

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