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Electrical > Blueprints > Flashcards

Blueprints Flashcards

1
Q

what are three types of scales used in construction drawing?

A

Architect Scale
Engineers Scale
Metric Scale

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2
Q

on a triangular scale what is the maximum number of different scales available on the metric scale and architectural scale?

A

11

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3
Q

what is the main difference between a metric scale and an architects scale?

A

The main difference between a metric and a architects scale is that the metric scale is based on increments of t10 rather than increments of 12

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4
Q

what is an open-divided scale?

A

an open-divided scale has the main units numbered along the entire length of the scale, then has a fully-subdivided extra unit that is located at one end of the scale.

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5
Q

what is a fully-divided scale?

A

a fully-divided scale fully subdivides each main unit along the entire length of the scale.

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6
Q

Site Plan

A

a site plan shows the locations of the buildings on site, the plan may show topographic features such as contour lines, landscaping, and construction features

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7
Q

Floor Plan

A

the floor plan is a sectional view taken on the horizontal plane midway between the floor and the ceiling. it shows exterior and interior walls, doors, windows, stairways

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8
Q

Building Elevation

A

these drawings are the views of the building showing its exterior features, 4 elevation drawings are required to show the design of all sides

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9
Q

Interior Elevation

A

these drawings are views of the buildings interior features, the interior elevation will indicate the features of each wall in a room. they show millwork, features, mechanical equipment

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10
Q

Sectional

A

these drawings show the construction of walls, stairs, or other details not clearly shown on the floor plans, or elevation plans

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11
Q

Sectional views taken through the narrow width of an entire building are known as?

A

Transverse sections

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12
Q

Sectional views take through the long dimension are known as?

A

Longitudinal sections

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13
Q

Detail

A

These are detail views of an arch, cornice, door, window, or retaining wall drawn to a larger scale to clearly describe it

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14
Q

Reflected Ceiling Plan

A

the reflected ceiling plan indicates the type of ceiling in each area of a building. it also indicates the location of all electrical and mechanical equipment

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15
Q

structural drawings: foundation plan indicates…

A
  • the location of the piles which will support the structure of the building
  • on top of these piles are formed the concrete grade beams which will support the framing of the building
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16
Q

structural drawings: the framing plan details…

A
  • the structural framework of the building
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17
Q

structural drawings: buildings may be framed with… (2) this depends on…

A
  • structural steel
  • wood
  • depends on the design & type of building
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18
Q

structural drawings will also include…

A
  • sections and details providing more detailed views describing the manner in which the construction is to be performed
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19
Q

electrical drawings: the electrical site plan indicates… (8)

A
  • the location of the main electrical service to the building
  • the utilities supply to the main service
  • the telecommunication service
  • any site lighting
  • power receptacles
  • building exterior lighting and equipment
  • rooftop equipment which requires an electrical connection
  • symbol legend
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20
Q

electrical drawings: there may be several floor plans detailing… (5)

A
  • lighting
  • power
  • communications
  • fire alarm
  • and emergency systems required for the building
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21
Q

electrical drawings: single line distribution drawings describe…

A
  • the power distribution for the building
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22
Q

electrical drawings: what is included on single line distribution drawings (6)

A
  • description of the main distribution drawing
  • main service feeders
  • sub-panels
  • feeders
  • transformers
  • circuit protection
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23
Q

what schedules may be found on either the blueprints or in the specifications of the project? (6)

A
  • lighting schedule
  • motor schedule
  • panel schedule
  • fire alarm schedule
  • room finish schedule
  • door & window schedule
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24
Q

describe: lighting schedule

A
  • lists the types of light fixtures and gives a description of each type
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25
Q

a motor schedule may also be called a ….

A
  • mechanical equipment schedule
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26
Q

describe: motor schedule

A
  • this schedule provides info for each motor/mech equipment required for the building operation
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27
Q

describe: panel schedule

A
  • each panel has a schedule indicating all the circuits supplied from the panel
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28
Q

describe: fire alarm schedule

A
  • this schedule indicates the bell circuits, automatic zones, and the monitoring zones
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29
Q

describe: room finish schedule

A
  • this schedule details the finish on each wall, the ceiling, and the floor of each room in a building
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30
Q

describe: door & window schedule

A
  • each type of door and window is described in this schedule
  • any electrical associated w any door will be indicated on this schedule
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31
Q

the Electrical Division is broken down into…

A
  • sections
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32
Q

in the Electrical Division, each section applies to…

A
  • a particular topic with regards to the project
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33
Q

the first section in the Electrical Division is…

A
  • a general section which provides all the general info which applies to the project construction
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34
Q

in the Electrical Division, other sections apply to…

A
  • more specific items of the project
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35
Q

in the Electrical Division, sections are then broken down into ______ called _____

A
  • subsections called parts
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36
Q

in the Electrical Division, what is Part 1

A
  • general (related sections that apply)
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37
Q

in the Electrical Division, what is Part 2

A
  • products (material, equipment, and manufacturer acceptable by the consultant)
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38
Q

in the Electrical Division, what is Part 3

A
  • execution (how to proceed with the installation)
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39
Q

in the Electrical Division, each part is then broken down into ______ and those are then broken down into _____

A
  • items, and each item broken down into paragraphs
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40
Q

which items are required to properly manage a building project? (8)

A
  • code book
  • blueprints
  • specifications
  • addendums
  • change notice
  • shop drawings
  • request for info
  • scale ruler
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41
Q

define: blueprints

A
  • a set of drawings made up of a number of sheets
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42
Q

in blueprints, each sheet is ______

A
  • each sheet is numbered
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43
Q

in blueprints, large sets are broken down into… (4)

A
  • architectural
  • structural
  • mechanical
  • electrical
  • etc.
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44
Q

define: specifications

A
  • written descrption of materials, construction systems, and workmanship
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45
Q

define: addendums

A
  • is a written addition to the contract documents issued before the building is closed
46
Q

what are purposes of addendums (4)

A
  • clarify conflicts, errors, and omissions
  • may add or reduce the scope of work
  • provide additional info to bidders
  • change the provisions of the contract
47
Q

define: change notice (aka PCN, proposed change notice) (2)

A
  • changes to the original contract which may add or reduce the scope of work
  • contractors issue a price for extra cost for additional work or a credit for reduction of work
48
Q

define: shop drawings

A
  • electrical/mechanical: provided by the manufacturers to show the details of equipment for a specific job
    ex. lighting, distribution, heating, fire alarm, etc.
49
Q

define: request for information (RFI)

A
  • a document sent to the electrical consultant when a contractor requires additional info to complete a task
50
Q

when a project is completed, a contractor may be required to produce the following documents (7)

A
  • as-built drawings
  • operation and maintenace manuals
  • coordination/short circuit study
  • fire alarm verification
  • final inspection report
  • load balance report
  • single line diagram
51
Q

define: as-built drawings

A
  • all changes to the project design must be shown on the blueprints and submitted to the consultant
52
Q

define: operation & maintenace manual

A
  • a binder w all the shop drawings for all the equipment supplied by the contractor, and any other info required to operate the building
53
Q

define: coordination/short circuit study

A
  • documentation providing equipment ratings, available short circuit at different points of the distribution
54
Q

define: fire alarm verification

A
  • a report documenting a fully functioning fire alarm system
55
Q

define: final inspection report

A
  • provided by the authority having jurisdiction
56
Q

define: load balance report

A
  • a document w measurements of current & voltage for panelboards, MCC’s, and transformers
57
Q

single line diagram may be required to be installed in…

A
  • may be required to be installed in building electrical rooms
58
Q

on some projects you may run into discrepancies between documentation on how an installation is to be executed. what is used in these situation

A
  • the order of hierarchy
59
Q

what is the order of hierarchy

A
  1. manufacturer
  2. supply authority (MB hydro/city inspectors)
  3. C.E.C
  4. engineer
  5. addendums
  6. specifications
  7. blueprints
60
Q

what are the 5 lines of construction

A
  1. dimension line
  2. leaders & arrowheads
  3. break lines
  4. cutting planes
  5. gridlines
61
Q

define: dimension lines

A
  • used to establish the dimensions of a portion of a structure and terminated w arrows, dots, and slahses at a termination line drawn perpendicular to the dimension line and concluding at a desired point
62
Q

define: leaders & arrowheads

A
  • indicate the location of a specific part of the drawing for ID purposed
  • used w words, abbreviations, symbols, and keynotes
63
Q

define: break points

A
  • broken lines identify a portion of a drawing that is not included
64
Q

define: cutting planes

A
  • lines drawn to aid in the location & ID of an area of a drawing that is to be shown in a separate plan or section view
65
Q

define: plan view

A
  • a bird’s eye-view from above
66
Q

define: section view

A
  • an elevation view showing interior construction criteria
67
Q

define: gridlines

A
  • two sets of gridlines which are normally perpendicular
68
Q

gridlines represent…

A
  • the structural grid which is defined principally by column position and the main beams spanning between them
69
Q

with gridlines, alphabets are used to represent…

A
  • north and south gridlines
70
Q

with gridlines, numbers are used to represent…

A
  • east and west guidelines
71
Q

most electrical circuits can be represented by 2 types of diagrams. what are they?

A
  1. wiring diagram
  2. schematic/ladder diagram
72
Q

wiring diagrams include

A
  • all the devices in the system and show the physical relationship between the devices
  • all poles, terminals, contacts, and coils are shown on each device
73
Q

wriring diagrams are useful in.. why?

A
  • wiring circuits because the connections can be made exactly as they appear on the diagram, a wire for every line
74
Q

a wiring diagram gives the necessary info for the…

A
  • actual wiring of a circuit and provides a means of physically tracing the wires and troubleshotting the circuit
75
Q

the actual physical installation & the wiring diagram coincide as far as….

A
  • the location of the devices and wiring are concerned
76
Q

what is a schematic diagram? why are they made?

A
  • a rearrangement of the circuit elements
  • made bc the wiring diagram is often a maze of lines that is very difficult to determine the electric sequence of operation of the circuits shown
77
Q

schematic diagrams are also called.

A
  • line or ladder diagrams
78
Q

schematic diagrams also represent…

A
  • the electrical circuit, but does so in the simplest manner
79
Q

what are the purposes of schematic diagrams (5)

A
  • show the components in a circuit and how they operate together
  • use graphic symbols to represent components and show the function of the component
  • use graphic representations of electric circuits
  • shown in a de-energized state
  • use graphic symbols and device designation to show how a circuit is designed to operate
80
Q

in schematic diagrams, the various devices are…

A
  • not shown in their actual physical positions
  • all connections are made so that the functions and sequence of operations of the various devices and circuits can be easily traced
81
Q

what is a single line diagram

A
  • uses one line to represent how major components are laid out in a system
  • reduces a system to its simplest form
82
Q

describe the difference in graphic symbols between a single line diagram and schematic diagram

A
  • uses different graphic symbols
83
Q

single line diagrams are mainly used for…

A
  • distribution systems
84
Q

a riser diagram may be used for…

A
  • showing how a particular system or circuit is connected together throughout a building
85
Q

riser diagrams are often used for..

A
  • fire alarm or communication systems showing how all the devices or components are interconnected
86
Q

what are 3 basic types of blueprint scales

A
  1. the architect’s scale
  2. the engineer’s scale
  3. the metric scale
87
Q

when drawings a blueprint to scale, the architect ….

A
  • reduces all the lines in the drawing by the same ratio
    ex. may use a 1/4” line in the drawing to represent an actual 1-foot segment of the building
88
Q

with the architect’s scale, dimensions on the drawing should be thought of in terms of…

A
  • the actual building dimensions
89
Q

with an architect’s scale, ___ is always shown somewhere on the blueprint

A
  • the scale
    ex. 1/4” = 1 foot
90
Q

what type of scale is most often used what creating site plans?

A
  • the engineer’s scale (aka civil engineers scale)
91
Q

how does an engineer scale differ from an architect’s scale

A
  • each inch in an engineer’s scale is divided into 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 equal unit
92
Q

in an engineer scale, the units can be … (5)

A
  • inches
  • feet
  • yards
  • miles
  • or whatever else the engineer desires
93
Q

in an engineer scale, the unit chosen depends on..

A
  • the drawing size
  • however, in all cases, the unit chosen must be divisible by a power of ten
    ex. the scale may be 1 inch = 100 feet, 1 inch = 1000 feet, etc.
94
Q

as with the archiects scale, the object being drawn should be thought of as _____, using the engingeer’s scale

A
  • thought of as full size
    ex. if the scale is 1 inch = 20 feet, and the measurement on the drawing is 3”, the measurement is considered to be 60 feet (3x20=60)
95
Q

what type of drawings often use a metric scale?

A
  • architectural drawings
96
Q

the metric scale uses a ____ to measure distance

A
  • meter
97
Q

in a metric scale, ________ representing multiple meters are often attached

A
  • prefixes
    ex. decameter = 10m, a hectometer = 100m, a kilometer = 1000m
98
Q

in a metric scale, what other prefixes may be used?

A
  • prefixes which represent subdivisions of meters
    ex. a decimeter = 1/10 of a meter, centimeter = 1/100 of a meter, a milimeter = 1/1000 of a meter
99
Q

when floor plans use the metric system, the measurements are usually carried out ___ decimal places when meters are used

A
  • three
100
Q

what is the main difference between a metric scale and an architect’s scale

A
  • the metric scale is based on increments of ten rather than increments of 12
101
Q

what is most commonly used in the metric scale

A
  • the milimeter
102
Q

in order to create a reduced drawing, the architect uses…

A
  • a scale or a ruler
103
Q

with scales, the scale may either look like….

A
  • a regular ruler
  • or shape of a triangle
104
Q

on a triangular scale, there are ___ scales available on each surface of the triangle. what is the difference between these scales

A
  • there are 2 scales
  • one reads left to right
  • the other reads right to left
    ex. the 1/4” = 1 foot scale may start at one end, and the 1/8” = 1 foot scale may start from the other end
105
Q

T or F: all drawings do not have to be draw to scale

A

True

106
Q

a drawing marked not to scale (NTS) is normally used to show…

A
  • some unusual feature or installation procedure
107
Q

NTS drawings may be…

A
  • drawn to a different scale than that used on the rest of the blueprints, and the dimension measurements are given as full size
108
Q

all scales are distinctly different, however all scales can either be…. (2)

A
  • open divded or
  • fully divided
109
Q

what is an open-divided scale

A
  • has the main units numbered along the entire length of the scale
  • this scale then has a fully-subdivided extra unit that is located at one end of the scale
  • this section shows the fractional properties of the main unit
110
Q

often, open divided scales have ____ measuring systems on one side

A
  • two
111
Q

when reading an open-divided scale, it is important for the use to always…

A
  • start at the zero line and not the beginning of the fully subdivded section
112
Q

what is a fully divded scale

A
  • fully subdivides each main unit along the entire length of the scale

Electrical (13 decks)

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