Blue Box Questions For Week 2

Question 1

Pyrosis, aka heartburn, can result in some regurgitation of small amounts of food or gastric fluid into lower espohagus, aka GERD. What type of hernia is this associated with?

Answer 1

A hiatal hernia, specifically, a sliding hiatal hernia

Question 2

If a patient has cirrhosis of the liver from alcohol, then that can lead to portal hypertension. Since the submucosal veins of the inferior esophagus drain into both the portal and systemic venous systems, esophageal ___ can occur and these have the possibility of rupturing and bleed

Answer 2

Varicies

Question 3

Most ulcers of the stomach and duodenum are associated with an infection of a specific bacterium, ___

Due to the fact that secretion of acid by ___ cells in the stomach is largely controlled by the __ nerves, if you perform a vagotomy aka surgically remove some of these nerves, you can decrease acid secretion and therefore decrease the amount of acid so that there will be less acid to erode into the gastric arteries

Also remember, pain impulses from the stomach are carried by ___ ___ fibers that accompany __ nerves

Answer 3

H. Pylori

Parietal cells (remember, they secrete HCL and intrinsic factor), vagus (remember, rest and digest is via parasympathetics)

Visceral afferent, sympathetic

Question 4

Foregut derivative pain goes to the ___ region, midgut pain to the __ region, and hindgut pain to the ___ region

Answer 4

Epigastric, peri-umbilical, hypogastric

Question 5

A common site for pus to collect is in the right or left ___ recess or space

Answer 5

Subphrenic

Question 6

In congenital diaphragmatic hernias, part of the stomach and intestine herniate through a large ____ defect

Answer 6

Posterolateral