BLS Resuscitation Flashcards
Brain damage is very likely in a brain that does not receive oxygen for:
A. 0–1 minutes.
B. 0–4 minutes.
C. 4–6 minutes.
D. 6–10 minutes.
Answer: D
Rationale: Permanent brain damage is very likely if the brain is without oxygen for 6 minutes or longer. After 10 minutes without oxygen, irreversible brain damage is likely.
Which of the following sequences of events describes the AHA chain of survival?
A. Early access, integrated post-arrest care, early advanced care, early CPR, early defibrillation, recovery
B. Early advanced care, early defibrillation, integrated post-arrest care, early CPR, early access
C. Early access, early CPR, early defibrillation, early advanced care, integrated post-arrest care, recovery
D. Early access, early riser, early CPR, early advanced care
Answer: C
Rationale: The AHA has determined an ideal sequence of events that, if taken, can improve the chance of successful resuscitation of a patient who has an occurrence of sudden cardiac arrest:
early access, early CPR, early defibrillation, early advanced care, integrated post-arrest care, and a recovery plan. If any links in the chain are absent, the patient is more likely to die.
For CPR to be effective, the patient must be on a firm surface, lying in the ______________ position.
A. Fowler ( sitting up with knees bent)
B. Prone (face down
C. Supine (face up)
D. Recovery ( face down, knee bent)
Answer: C
Rationale: For CPR to be effective, the patient must be lying supine on a firm surface, with enough clear space around the patient for two rescuers to perform CPR. If the patient is crumpled up or lying face down, you will need to reposition him or her. The few seconds that you spend repositioning the patient properly will greatly improve the delivery and effectiveness of CPR.
The pulse check should take:
A. 1 second.
B. at least 1 second but no more than 5 seconds.
C. at least 10 seconds.
D. at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds.
Answer: D
Rationale: The pulse check should take at least 5 seconds but no more than 10 seconds.
Artificial ventilation may result in the stomach becoming filled with air, a condition called:
A. Gastric distention.
B. Vomitus.
C. Abdominal-thrust maneuver.
D. Acute abdomen.
Answer: A
Rationale: Artificial ventilation may fill the stomach with air, a condition called gastric distention. Gastric distention is likely to occur if you ventilate too fast, if you give too much air, or if the airway is not opened adequately. Therefore, it is important for you to give slow, gentle breaths.
The ______________ is a circumferential chest compression device composed of a constricting band and backboard.
A. mechanical piston device
B. load-distributing band
C. impedance threshold device
D. cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Answer: B
Rationale: The load-distributing band is a circumferential chest compression device composed of a constricting band and backboard. The device is either electronically or pneumatically driven to compress the heart by putting inward pressure on the thorax. As with the mechanical piston device, use of the device frees the rescuer to complete other tasks. It is lighter and easier to apply than the mechanical piston device.
Which of the following scenarios would warrant an interruption in CPR procedures?
A. A hysterical family member trying to gain access to the unconscious patient
B. A vehicle honking its horn anxious to pass by the scene on a blocked road
C. A small set of steps leading to the exit of the building, on the way to the ambulance
D. Being tired from trying to resuscitate a patient
Answer: C
Rationale: Try not to interrupt CPR for more than a few seconds, except when it is absolutely necessary. For example, if you have to move a patient up or down stairs, you should continue CPR until you arrive at the head or foot of the stairs, interrupt CPR at an agreed-on signal, and move quickly to the next level where you can resume CPR.
Once you begin CPR in the field, you must continue until one of the following events occurs:
A. The patient stops breathing and has no pulse.
B. The patient is transferred to another person who is trained in BLS, to ALS-trained personnel, or to another emergency medical responder.
C. You are out of gas in the ambulance.
D. A police officer assumes responsibility for the patient and gives direction to discontinue CPR.
Answer: B
Rationale: The “T” in the “STOP” mnemonic stands for patient transfer to another person who is trained in BLS, to ALS-trained personnel, or to another emergency medical responder.
Instead of the abdominal-thrust maneuver, use ___________ for women in advanced stages of pregnancy and patients who are obese.
A. chest thrusts
B. Sellick maneuver
C. basic life support
D. DNR orders
Answer: A
Rationale: You can perform the abdominal-thrust maneuver safely on all adults and children. However, for women in advanced stages of pregnancy and patients who are obese, you should use chest thrusts.
In infants who have signs and symptoms of an airway infection, you should not waste time trying to dislodge a foreign body. You should intervene only if signs of ____________ develop, such as a weak, ineffective cough; cyanosis; stridor; absent air movement; or a decreasing level of consciousness.
A. sudden infant death syndrome
B. child abuse
C. bronchitis
D. severe airway obstruction
Answer: D
Rationale: With a mild airway obstruction, the patient can cough forcefully, although there may be wheezing between coughs. As long as the patient can breathe, cough, or talk, you should not interfere with his or her attempts to expel the foreign body. As with an adult, encourage the child to continue coughing. Administer 100% oxygen with a nonrebreathing mask and provide transport to the emergency department.
