BLS Meds

Question 1

Aspirin Class

Answer 1

Anti-platelet aggregation agent

Question 2

Aspirin Indications

Answer 2

Chest pain suggestive of AMI

Question 3

Aspirin Contraindications

Answer 3

• Active bleeding disorders
• Under 18 y/o (Reye’s syndrome)
• Pregnancy (D)
• Known hypersensitivity

Question 4

Aspirin Dose

Answer 4

Four 81 mg tablets PO, chewed & swallowed.

Question 5

Aspirin Onset

Answer 5

15-30 minutes

Question 6

Albuterol Sulfate Class

Answer 6

• Beta2 Agonist RX
• Sympathomimetic

Question 7

Albuterol Sulfate MOA

Answer 7

Acts selectively on Beta2 receptor sites in the lungs, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, decreasing airway resistance, & relief of bronchospasm.

Question 8

Albuterol Sulfate C/I

Answer 8

• Known hypersensitivity
• Tachydysrhythmias

Question 9

Albuterol Sulfate Indications

Answer 9

• Bronchial asthma
• Bronchospasm in acute exacerbation of COPD (chronic bronchitis, emphysema)

Question 10

Albuterol Sulfate Dose

Answer 10

Adults:
• MDI—1-2 inhalations, 1 minute each, repeated every 15 minutes as needed. • Nebulizer—2.5 mg via nebulizer, O2 flow @ 8 L per min,

Question 11

Albuterol Sulfate S/E

Answer 11

Mostly sympathetic responses including:
• Palpitations, Tachycardia
• Anxiety, Nervousness
• Dizziness
• HA
• Tremor
• N/V

Question 12

Epinephrine Class

Answer 12

Sympathomimetic

Question 13

Epinephrine MOA

Answer 13

• β1—increases contractility
• β2–bronchodilation
• α–peripheral vasoconstriction

Question 14

Epinephrine Indications

Answer 14

Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis)

Question 15

Epinephrine C/I

Answer 15

None in cardiac arrest or severe anaphylaxis

Question 16

Epinephrine Dosage

Answer 16

ADULTS: Anaphylaxis
• IM/SQ: 0.3 mg (1:1,000), repeat once at 10 minutes if s/s do not improve

PEDIATRICS: Anaphylaxis
• IM/SQ: 0.15 mg IM

Question 17

Naloxone Class

Answer 17

Narcotic Antagonist

Question 18

Naloxone MOA

Answer 18

Binds competitively to opiate receptor sites, displacing narcotics & synthetic narcotics. Antagonizes all actions of narcotics.

Question 19

Naloxone Indications

Answer 19

Complete or partial reversal of depression caused by narcotics or synthetic narcotics

Question 20

Naloxone C/I

Answer 20

Known Hypersensitivity

Question 21

Naloxone Precautions

Answer 21

Dosage: Onset:
• Pre-existing cardiac disease • Patients who have received cardiotoxic drugs
• Abrupt and complete reversal can cause withdrawal-type effects
• Pregnancy (B)
• Use with caution in polypharmaceutical overdoses

Question 22

Naloxone Dosage

Answer 22

IM/IN: 2-4 mg*. Repeat as needed to a maximum of 10 mg if IV access is unavailable

Question 23

Naloxone Onset

Answer 23

IN: 1-4 minutes

Question 24

Nitroglycerin Class

Answer 24

Vasodilator

Question 25

Nitroglycerin MOA

Answer 25

Results in the reduction of myocardial workload and myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 26

Nitroglycerin Indications

Answer 26

Chest pain associated with angina Chest pain associated with AMI

Question 27

Nitroglycerin C/I

Answer 27

Head Injury, Increased ICP Hypotension Recent Viagra (sildenafil) use (OR similar drugs)

Question 28

Nitroglycerin Dosage

Answer 28

NTG Spray: For discomfort suspicious of cardiac origin o SL: 0.4 mg SL spray/tab every 3-5 minutes PRN o Hold for B/P <100, or Viagra use (or similar drug) within previous 24 hours.

Question 29

Nitroglycerin Onset

Answer 29

Tablet, Spray—1-3 minutes

Question 30

Nitroglycerin S/E

Answer 30

• Headache due to vasodilation • Hypotension, Dizziness • N/V • Xerostomia (Dry Mouth) • Reflex tachycardia • Skin rash, Flushing • Anxiety • Agitation • Methemoglobinemia (rare, usually with high doses of the IV formulation, but can be seen with normal therapeutic doses)

Question 31

Oral Glucose Class

Answer 31

Monosaccharide Carbohydrate

Question 32

Oral Glucose MOA

Answer 32

After absorption from GI tract, glucose is distributed in the tissues and provides a prompt increase in circulating blood sugar

Question 33

Oral Glucose Indications

Answer 33

Hypoglycemia

Question 34

Oral Glucose Precautions

Answer 34

Altered L.O.C Ascertain the patient's ability to swallow an oral preparation of glucose without airway compromise Must be swallowed, not absorbed sublingually, or buccally

Question 35

Oral Glucose Dosage

Answer 35

Adults: • 15-45 G PO for patients with an intact gag reflex and who are able to handle their own secretions. Pediatrics: • 5-45 G PO for patients with an intact gag reflex and who are able to handle their own secretions

Question 36

Oral Glucose Onset

Answer 36

10 minutes