blossum & pax Flashcards

1
Q

What is a substitution mattix

A

A substitution matrix is a collection of score for aligning nucleotides or amino acids with one another.
These scores generally represent the relative ease with which one nucleotide or amino acid may mutate into or substitute for another and they are used to measure similarity in sequence alignments.

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2
Q

Pam & Blosum

A

https: //www.youtube.com/watch?v=3h58QOy1QfA
https: //web.archive.org/web/20130309015755/http://birec.org/sandbox/omamasaudtutorial
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_accepted_mutation
https: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLOSUM

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3
Q

affine gap pentalies

A

https://homepage.usask.ca/~ctl271/857/affine_gap_penalties.shtml

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4
Q

Substitution mattix wie PAM und Blosum kommen zum Einsatz bei ….

A

Protein-Sequenzen

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5
Q

Warum benötigt man eine ganze Serie von Scoring-Matrizen? (BLOSUM50, BLOSUM60, etc.)

A

a. Um verschieden weit/nah verwandte Sequenzen
genauer zu alignieren

b. Um die Evolutionäre Distanz zwischen den
Sequenzen besser zu berücksichtigen

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6
Q

Welche Aussage(n) zu PAM-Matrizen treffen zu?

A

PAM korreliert mit der im Evolutionsprozess vergangenen Zeit

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7
Q

Was wird mithilfe von log-odd Scores berechnet?

A

Blosum-Substitutionmatrix

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8
Q

PAM120
BLOSUM45
BLOSUM90
PAM11

A

a. PAM&Blosum kodieren nur für Proteine
b. Blosum 0-100% je höcher desto mehr Verwandtschaft
besteht
c. PAM je größer die Zahl, desto weiter entfernt
verwandt

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