Blooooood

Question 1

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 1

Connective tissue

Question 2

Basic components of blood

Answer 2

Plasma (fluid matrix) - water, ions, dissolved molecules, plasma proteins such as albumins, globulins, fibrinogens

Cellular portion - erythrocytes, leukocytes (include basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes)

Platelets

Question 3

Types of plasma proteins

Answer 3

Albumins - major contributor to colloid osmotic pressure
Globulins - clotting factors, enzymes, antibodies
Fibrinogen - forms fibrin thread during blood clotting
Transferrin - iron transport

Question 4

Organic molecules present in blood plasma

Answer 4

Amino acids, proteins, glucose, lipids, nitrogenous waste

Question 5

How are blood cells generated?

Answer 5

Multipotent stem cells in the bone marrow differentiate to become different types of blood cells. Multipotent stem cells become either lymphoid stem cells (which become B and T lymphocytes) or myeloid stem cells (which become WBC/leukocytes and RBC)

Stem cells are self-renewing (undergoing mitosis)

RBC production is stimulation by EPO (hormone)

Question 6

Where do platelets come from?

Answer 6

Fragments of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow break off into circulation

Question 7

Sequence of steps in RBC maturation

Answer 7

1. Multipotent stem cell
2. Myeloid stem cell
3. Becomes reticulocyte
4. Reticulocyte expels nucleus
5. Mature erythrocyte squeezes through endothelium to join circulation

Question 8

Which two organelles do RBCs lack?

Answer 8

Nucleus, mitochondria

Question 9

What causes the bi-concave shape of RBCs?

Answer 9

Cytoskeleton

Question 10

Mean corpuscular volume

Answer 10

Mean RBC volume