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Bloodborne Pathogens > Bloodborne Diseases > Flashcards

Bloodborne Diseases Flashcards

0
Q

What is OPIM?

A

Other
Potentially
Infectious
Material

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1
Q

What are the three blood borne pathogens?

A

They are viruses and bacteria in the human blood that cause diseases including:
Hepatitis B and C
And HIV

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2
Q

What is occupational exposure?

A

Reasonably anticipated skin,eye, mucous membrane, parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that may result in an employees duties

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3
Q

What is parenteral contact?

A

Entry to the body by any route other than the mouth/digestive system
Typically needle sticks, cuts/abrasions
Bites in violent situations for law enforcement etc

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4
Q

What are some occupational risk an officer can face while handling property of someone with a blood borne pathogen?

A

Needles/sharps
Cuts
Bites
Blood or secretions from the site of a fur or wound

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5
Q

What is blood?

A

Components and products of human blood

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6
Q

Pathogen?

A

An agent of disease, includes bacteria such as staph, HIV, And fungi like yeast

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7
Q

What is the def. of blood borne pathogens?

A

Pathogenic micro organisms in the human blood that cause diseases

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8
Q

What are some OPIM?

A 
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid
Synovial fluid-joints
Pleural fluid-chest
Hear, abdomen, childbirth fluid
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9
Q

What is hepatitis B?

A

It is a virus that gets into your body and attacks the liver
It’s passed thru contact w/blood or body fluids
100x easier to get than HIV

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10
Q

What are the three main ways to catch hep B?

A

1) Unprotected sex w/someone who has it
2) Being born to a mother who had it
3) sharing needles/syringes

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11
Q

What are some hep B symptoms?

A 
Jaundice 
Fatigue 
Ab pain
No appetite 
Nausea/vomiting
Joint pain
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12
Q

Hep b Chronic infections occur in…?

A

90% of infants affected at birth
30% of children infected 1-5yrs
6% infected after age 5

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13
Q

What is the percentage of liver death in hep B?

A

15-20%

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14
Q

What is the vaccine for hep b?

A 
3 dose series 1-6months
Protection is:
First dose- 30-50%
Second- 75%
Third- 96%
Dosage last 23 years
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15
Q

What is hepatitis C?

A

It’s liver disease caused by hep c found in contact thru blood

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16
Q

What is the most common chronic blood borne pathogen?

A

Hep c
85%of cases it’s permanent
Number one cause for liver transplants

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17
Q

How is hep c spread?

A

Thru blood and needles

18
Q

What is the vaccine for hep c?

A

There is no vaccine available

19
Q

What are symptoms of hep c?

A 
Jaundice 
Fatigue 
Loss of appetite 
An pain 
Intermittent nausea 
Dark urine
20
Q

What are the risk groups for blood born pathogens?

A

Low: healthcare workers, sex with partners infected/ multi sex partners

Intermediate: hemodialysis patients, receipt of transfusions before 1992 born to moms with infections

High: injecting drugs receipt of clotting factors before 1987

21
Q

What is HIV?

A

The virus that causes aids-attacks the immune system

Passes thru sex, blood to blood contact

Infected mothers can pass to children at birth or breast feeding

22
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

Blood
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk

23
Q

What are symptoms of HIV?

A

Unexplained fatigue
Prolonged unexplained fever, chills, night sweats
Weight/appetite loss

24
Q

What is aids?

A

Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome

Destroys CD4 and T cells which are the immune system

25
Q

What are other types of infections?

A

Syphilis
Malaria
Herpes
Hepatitis

26
Q

What is reasonable accommodation?

A

To enable qualified disabled employee to perform the essential task of a job

Extends to inexpensive disruptive measures-not burdensome task

Helps with resources/job requirements

27
Q

What is the foremost body protection from body fluids?

A

Intact skin

28
Q

How much hand contamination does gloves reduce?

A

70-80%

29
Q

What is the proper dilution for bleach?

A

Freshly made within 24hrs

1-10 -1-100 concentration

30
Q

What is liquid waste?

A

Liquid or semi liquid blood or OPIM

31
Q

How should sharps containers be?

A

Close able
Puncture resistance
Leak proof
Labeled or color coated

32
Q

What is a communicable disease?

A

An infectious diseases transmitted from person to person by direct contact from an affected person

33
Q

What is meningitis?

A

An illness which there is inflammation of the tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord

Bacterial meningitis is more severe than viral meningitis

34
Q

What are two airborne pathogens?

A

Meningitis and tb

35
Q

What is hep A?

A

“Oral fecal”
Poor sanitary conditions
Person to person contact with stool and food/mouth

Only hep diseases that’s not blood borne-it has a vaccine

36
Q

How long can hep c survive on a dry surface?

A

3-7days

37
Q

How long can HIV live on a dry surface?

A

Only a few hours

38
Q

How long can hep b live on a dry surface?

A

7days

39
Q

What are waterborne/food borne illness?

A

Hep A
Salmonella
Ecoli

40
Q

What is ECP?

A

Exposure control plan
Exposure determination
Implement details for specific topics like hep b
Then have methods of compliance

41
Q

What is determining exposures?

A

The exposure must be made without regard to the use of personal protective Equipment

42
Q

What are some symptoms of meningitis?

A

Stuff neck
Fever
Severe headache

Bloodborne Pathogens (1 decks)

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