Blood Vessels; Heart structure and function Flashcards
What are the 3 functions of blood?
- transport of nutrients, waste, hormones and carbon dioxide
- protect and defend the body
- helps to maintain a constant body temperature
Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
the arteries
All arteries carry oxygenated blood except for one artery. What is this artery called?
The pulmonary artery
Which blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?
the veins
All veins carry de-oxygenated blood except for one vein. What is this vein called?
the pulmonary vein
Veins have structures called_____. What is the purpose of these structures?
- Veins have structures called valves.
* Valves keep the blood flowing in one direction( prevents backflow of blood)
What is the tiny and the smallest blood vessel of the human body?
the capillaries
Which blood vessel allow the change in substances between the blood and the surrounding tissue?
the capillary
What are platelets?
Tiny cells that causes blood to clot at a wound to form a scab.
What is Haemophilia?
A person whose blood cannot clot properly.
What is the liquid part of the blood called?
Plasma
What is the percentage of water that plasma is made out of?
90%
What is the responsibility of plasma?
Plasma is responsible for the transport of food/nutrients, waste, hormones and carbon dioxide.
The average adult is made up of how many liters of blood?
5 liters
What are the 4 types of blood groups that a person may belong to?
- A
- B
- AB
- O
Which blood group is known as the Universal Recipient and what is the meaning of it?
AB is known as the Universal Recipient because this group can receive blood from all groups, but can only give blood to another AB recipient.
Which blood group is known as the Universal Donor and what is the meaning of it?
O is known as the Universal Donor because this group can give blood to all groups but can only receive blood from another O.
What is the heart?
A muscular pumping organ
What are the upper chambers in the heart are called?
the atria (one atrium)
What are the lower chambers in the heart are called?
Ventricles
What is the difference between the functions of the atria and the ventricles?
- The atria brings blood to the heart
* The ventricles pump blood away from the heart
Which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood and which side contains deoxygeneted blood?
The left side contain oxygenated
The right side contains deoxygenated
What mineral is needed to produce hemoglobin?
iron
What deficiency disease can result in the lack of iron?
anemia
What is the name of the protein important in blood clotting?
Fibrinogen
What is meant by pulmonary circulation?
The flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
Where are red blood cells produced?
In the bone marrow
What is the function of the white blood cells?
It protect and defend the body (destroy germs)
What is the function of red blood cells?
They transport oxygen around the body
