Blood vessels and Heart

Question 1

Arteries are _____ and have more _____ _____ than veins.

Answer 1

thicker; smooth muscle

Question 2

Veins are _____ and have a larger _____ than arteries

Answer 2

thinner; lumen

Question 3

_____ have valves extending from the endothelial lining.

Answer 3

Veins

Question 4

Collectively, in the lower extremities, veins act as a _____ _____.

Answer 4

blood

reservoir

Question 5

_____ are the smallest vessels and allow the passage of blood cells single file.

Answer 5

Capillaries

Question 6

Tunica intima has how many layers in blood vessel and what are they?

Answer 6

3 layers:

• Endothelial layer (innermost)
• Basal lamina of endothelium
• Subendothelial layer

Question 7

Which layer of Tunica intima consists of a single

layer of squamous epithelial cells (simple squamous)?

Answer 7

Endothelial layer (innermost)

Question 8

Endothelial layer (innermost) of Tunica intima:

• Synthesizes molecules needed in _____ formation
• Synthesize molecules needed in _____ _____ processes

Answer 8

thrombus; acute inflammatory

Question 9

Subendothelial layer of Tunica intima is made up of loose connective
tissue and an _____ _____ membrane that contains a
_____ _____membrane.

Answer 9

internal elastic membrane; fenestrated elastic membrane

Question 10

Subendothelial layer of Tunica intima has fenestrations allow for diffusion between the _____ and _____ ( external ) area of the vessel.

Answer 10

endothelium; deep

Question 11

Tunica media of a blood vessel consists mainly of _____ arranged
smooth muscle fibers that, in arteries, is surrounded by an _____ and an _____ elastic membrane.

Answer 11

circumferentially; internal; external

Question 12

The external elastic membrane of Tunica media consists of _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 12

elastin,
reticular fibers ( supporting fibers), and proteoglycans

Question 13

Tunica Adventitia of a blood vessel consists of _____ arranged collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers. This layer blends with the _____ connective tissue that surrounds vessels.

Answer 13

longitudinally; loose

Question 14

Adventitial layer of blood vessel is _____ in the arterial system and _____ in the venous system.

Answer 14

thin; thick

Question 15

What are the 2 things found in the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

Answer 15

Vasa vasorum and Nervi vascularis

Question 16

What is the function of Vasa vasorum that is found within the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

Answer 16

supply the largest arteries and veins with blood supply.

Question 17

What is the function of Nervi vascularis that is found within the Adventitial layer of large vessels?

Answer 17

innervate the smooth muscle for vasoconstriction (decreasing lumen diameter).

Question 18

Does Elastic or Large arteries have all 3 layers?

Answer 18

Yes!

Question 19

Tunica intima layer of Elastic or Large arteries:

Endothelial cells are oriented to have their LONG AXIS in the same direction as the _____ _____.

Answer 19

blood flow

Question 20

Tunica intima layer of Elastic or Large arteries: They contain _____ _____ to limit diffusion between endothelial cells.

Answer 20

tight junctions

Question 21

Tunica _____ is the THICKEST layer of Elastic or Large arteries.

Answer 21

Tunica Media

Question 22

Tunica Media of Elastic of Large arteries has _____ fiber arranged in fenestrated sheets or lamellae between the smooth muscle of this layer.

Answer 22

elastic

Question 23

Tunica _____ of Elastic or Large arteries consists of collagen, and elastic fibers, fibroblasts and macrophages.

Answer 23

Tunica adventitia

Question 24

Does Medium/Muscular arteries have all 3 layers?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

Which layer of Medium/Muscular arteries have Prominent internal elastic membrane?

Answer 25

Tunica intima

Question 26

Tunica media of Medium/Muscular arteries consists mainly of smooth muscle arranged circumferentially, but in a _____ fashion.

Answer 26

spiral

Question 27

Tunica media of Medium/Muscular arteries has smooth muscle that helps in the maintenance of _____ _____.

Answer 27

blood pressure

Question 28

Tunica adventitia of Medium/Muscular arteries has _____ thickness to the tunica media.

Answer 28

EQUAL

Question 29

Tunica _____ of Medium/Muscular arteries consists of collagen, and elastic fibers, few fibroblasts and adipose tissue.

Answer 29

Tunica adventitia

Question 30

Tunica adventitia of Medium/Muscular arteries contains Nervi vascularis and vasa vasorum which give branches to the tunica _____.

Answer 30

Tunica media

Question 31

Small arteries has ~_ layers of _____ muscle in the | tunica media.

Answer 31

8; smooth

Question 32

Does Arterioles have all 3 layers?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

(T/F): Internal elastic membrane usually present for Small Arteries.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Small _____ have thin ill- defined tunica adventitia.

Answer 34

Arteries

Question 35

(T/F): Tunica intima of Arterioles may or may not have an internal elastic membrane.

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

Tunica media of Arterioles have gap junctions found between the _____ cells and the _____ muscle cells of the tunica media.

Answer 36

endothelial; smooth

Question 37

How many layers of SMOOTH muscle does Tunica media of Arterioles have?

Answer 37

1-2 layers

Question 38

Tunica media of Arterioles: The smooth muscle (1- 2 layers) plays an important role in diverting blood flow to where it is needed by shutting down flow to capillary beds in un-needed areas. These layers of smooth muscle act as _____ _____.

Answer 38

PRECAPILLARY SPHINCTERS!

Question 39

Tunica _____ of Arterioles are very thin, ill-defined layer.

Answer 39

Adventitia

Question 40

Arterioles can dilate ~ ___ - ___% from the resting diameter.

Answer 40

60 – 100 %

Question 41

Does Capillaries have Tunica Media and Adventitia?

Answer 41

No