Blood Vessels And Blood Flashcards
What is the role of arteries?
To Carry blood away from the heart
What is the structure of an artery?
A relatively small lumen and thick elastic and muscle tissue
Why do arteries need thick eleastic and muscle tissue?
Because they are taking blood away from the heart it is being pumped out at an extremely high pressure and the elastic tissue allows the artery to stretch
What is the purpose of veins?
To carry blood towards the heart
What is the structure of veins?
Thin layers of elastic and muscle tissue and a relatively large lumen.
A large lumen allows for more blood towards be transported around the body more efficiently.
Veins contain valves to stop backwards blood flow
What is the structure and function of capillaries?
Capillaries are so small they cannot be seen by that human eye.
They are one cell thick
Capillaries provide blood to organs
Lumen relatively large
Very narrow- blood cells pass in single file
What are the main features and properties of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen in the blood
No nucleus
Flattened discs with a large surface are for diffusion
What does oxygen and haemoglobin produce?
Oxyhemoglobin
What is in blood?
Red blood cells
Plasma- this contains platelets, red and white blood cells , antibodies, water, hormones, co2,
What is the function of platelets?
Platelets help blood clot at the site of a wound.
Thus happened from a series of enzyme controlled reactions that produce a networks of protein divers that capture lots of red blood cells and more platelets to form a jelly like clot that forms a scab.
What are the main features and functions of white blood cells?
Protection against disease
Much larger than rbc
Less of them than rbc
Main types are lymphocytes and phagocytes
What is anaemia caused by?
Lack of haemoglobin
Excessive blood loss in menstruation
Low haemoglobin leads to less oxygen in cells which means less aerobic respiration so less energy making you tired
What is the name for the chemical that carries oxygen?
Haemoglobin
