Blood Vessels

Question 1

3 types of blood vessels

Answer 1

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

Question 2

Structures of arteries

Answer 2

Thick muscular wall
Elastic walls
Small internal lumen

Question 3

Structure of capillaries

Answer 3

Very thin walls (1 wall thin)

Small internal lumen

Question 4

Structure of veins

Answer 4

Thin walls
Contain valves
Large internal lumen

Question 5

Functions of arteries

Answer 5

Carries blood at high pressure away from the heart
Mainly carry oxygenated blood
Except pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood to lungs from heart

Question 6

Functions of capillaries

Answer 6

Link smaller arteries to smaller veins

Carry blood at very low pressure

Question 7

Functions of veins

Answer 7

Carry blood at low pressure towards heart
Mainly carry deoxygenated blood
Except pulmonary vein which varies oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

Question 8

Relevance of arteries

Answer 8

Blood pressure increases during exercise as working muscles demand more o2, increasing blood flow
Muscles in artery wall contract and relax automatically
Muscles Relax - dilate for blood to travel, regulate blood pressure

Question 9

Relevance of capillaries

Answer 9

Allows gaseous exchange
Walls very thin to allow gases and nutrients to pass through them therefore getting oxygen to the muscles
Removing co2

Question 10

Relevance of veins

Answer 10

Carry deoxygenated blood from muscles
Wide internal diameter allows blood to bass through more easily
valves help return blood to heart and prevent back flow due to low pressure

Question 11

State type of blood vessel that hold blood at high pressure

Answer 11

Arteries

Question 12

What is vascular shunting

Answer 12

Redistribution of blood flow

Blood is diverted from inactive areas to the working muscles

Question 13

What is vasoconstriction

Answer 13

Blood vessels constrict - made smaller
During exercise, chemical changes trigger signals from your nervous system
Signals cause blood vessels that supply the inactive areas to restrict reducing blood flow to these areas
Eg digestive system

Question 14

What is vasodilation

Answer 14

Blood vessels dilate to make them bigger
Chemical reaction are trigger signals during exercise from nervous system
Blood vessels supplying to active areas to dilate thus increasing blood flow to these areas
These working muscles need more oxygen and nutrients