Blood vessels

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

Take blood away from the heart

Question 2

Veins

Answer 2

Take blood back to the heart

Question 3

Capillaries are the site of

Answer 3

nutrient, gas and waste exchange between blood and tissues

Question 4

Elastic Artery

Answer 4

• Largest type
• thick walled
• close to the heart
• primarily made up of elastic tissue
• allows for expansion and contraction for smooth blood flow

Question 5

Muscular Artery

Answer 5

• branches off the elastic artery, slightly smaller
• distributes blood to the parts of the body
• controls blood flow

Question 6

Arterioles

Answer 6

• mostly made up of smooth muscle

- held together by an outer layer of collagen

Question 7

Vasoconstriction

Answer 7

• contraction of blood vessels, smaller = less blood flow more blood pressure

Question 8

Vasodialation

Answer 8

• relaxation of the blood vessel, larger = more blood flow, less blood pressure

Question 9

Capillaries

Answer 9

• smallest vessels
• connects the arteries and veins
• thin walled allowing oxygen and carbon dioxide to move across the membrane simply

Question 10

Continuous Capillary

Answer 10

• least permeable and most common (skin and muscle)

Question 11

Fenestrated Capillary

Answer 11

• large fenestrations (pores) = increased permeability

Question 12

Sinusoidal Capillary

Answer 12

• most permeable

Question 13

Pre- capillary sphincters

Answer 13

are valves that regulate blood flow into each capillary bed

Question 14

Venules made up of

Answer 14

formed by capillaries joining together

Question 15

Veins made up of

Answer 15

formed by venules joining together

Question 16

Returning blood to the heart: Skeletal muscle pump

Answer 16

as skeletal muscles contact ,blood is squeezed back up to the heart

Question 17

Returning blood to the heart: Pressure in the veins

Answer 17

is slightly higher than the right side of the heart thus blood will move down the pressure gradient

Question 18

Returning blood to the heart: The respiratory pump

Answer 18

when we breathe in pressure in the thoracic cavity drops = blood is drawn in when we breathe out, pressure increases and blood is pushed out

Question 19

Structure of Veins and Arteries (T.I.M.E)

Answer 19

Tunics. Intima. Media. Externa

Question 20

Tunica Intima

Answer 20

• innermost layer

- made up of simple squamous epithelium

Question 21

Tunica Media

Answer 21

• middle layer

- made up of smooth muscle and elastic fibers

Question 22

Tunica Externa

Answer 22

• outermost layer
• made up of connective tissue and rich in collagen
• anchors blood vessels to other structure
• collagen provides strength