Blood vessels

Question 1

Arteries Carry blood ..

Answer 1

Carry blood away from heart to body (oxygenated) or lungs (unoxygenated)

Question 2

Veins Carry blood ..

Answer 2

Carry blood to heart from body (unoxygenated) or lungs (oxygenated).

Question 3

What are the three types of arteries?

Answer 3

Arteries: 3 types
Elastic
Muscular (Distributing)
Arterioles

Question 4

Elastic Arteries

Answer 4

• thick walled, close to heart.

* Higher in elastin however not highly involved in vasoconstriction

Question 5

Muscular (Distributing) Arteries

Answer 5

• deliver blood to organs.

* Thick media, less elastin. More important in vasoconstriction.

Question 6

Arterioles Arteries

Answer 6

• control blood flow into capillaries.

* Larger have all three tunica. Small have one layer of smooth muscle around endothelium

Question 7

Capillaries

Answer 7

Have holes in them (pores) that stuff can come out of

Question 8

Venules

Answer 8

1-2 layers smooth muscle

Question 9

Veins

Answer 9

• Contain 65% of systemic blood at any given.
• Thin walled.
• Externa rich in collagen and elastin (large veins have a longitudinal band of muscle).
• Contain valves (folds of intima) – higher in number in veins of legs/arms to oppose gravity.

Question 10

Aorta ( Major Arteries)

Answer 10

Fill in

Question 11

Carotid ( Major Arteries)

Answer 11

Fill in

Question 12

Arms ( Major Arteries)

Answer 12

Fill in

Question 13

Legs ( Major Arteries)

Answer 13

Fill in

Question 14

Superior Vena Cava ( Major veins)

Answer 14

Superior Vena Cava:
• receives systemic blood from all areas superior to diaphragm EXCEPT heart wall.
• Formed by union of right and left brachiocephalic veins.
• Brachiocephalics are formed by joining of internal jugular and subclavian vein.
• Drains into right atrium.

Question 15

Inferior Vena Cava ( Major veins)

Answer 15

• drains all regions below the diaphragm
• Lies to the right of the aorta.
• Distal end formed by junction of common iliac veins.
• Enters inferior aspect of right atrium just superior to diaphragm.

Question 16

Head and Neck ( drained by)

Answer 16

1. External Jugular (empties into subclavian) – drains scalp, face.
2. Vertebral veins (empties into brachiocephalic) – drains cervical vertebrae, spinal cord and small neck muscles.
3. Internal jugular – drains bulk of blood from the brain, also face and neck.
   • Arises from the dural venous sinuses
   • Exit skull via jugular foramina

Question 17

Upper Limbs

Answer 17

• Superficial veins are larger than deep and easily visible.

* Median cubital vein crosses anterior aspect of elbow. What is the importance of this vein?

Question 18

Abdominal Veins

Answer 18

• Blood draining digestive viscera empty into hepatic portal vein which transports blood to liver before it enters systemic circulation via the hepatic vein.
• Hepatic portal system carries nutrient-rich blood from digestive organs to liver.

Question 19

Legs

Answer 19

• 2 superficial saphenous veins (great and small) are poorly supported by surrounding tissue.
• Great saphenous is longest vein in body.