Blood values Flashcards
Haemoglobin
Normal values: M 130-180g/L; F 115-165g/L
Low: anaemia (microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic), pregnancy, marrow failure
High: polycythaemia
Ca2+
Normal: 2.15-2.65mmol/L
Calcium in term baby
Normal: 2.10-2.95mmol/L
High:
Low:
Calcium in preterm baby
Normal: 1.90-2.85mmol/L
Phosphate
Normal: 0.80-1.40mmol/L
Phosphate in term baby
Normal: 0.95-1.70mmol/L
High:
Low: osteopenia of prematurity
Phosphate in preterm baby
Normal: 0.93-1.72mmol/L
High:
Low: osteopenia of prematurity
TSH
Normal: 0.33-4.5U/L
High: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid
Low: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)
Free T3
Normal: 3.2-6.5pmol/L
High: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)
Low: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid
Free T4
Normal: 10.2-22.0pmol/L
High: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)
Low: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid
Thyroglobulin
<5ug/L
High: pregnancy, papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma
White cell count
Normal: 3.6-11.0x10^9/L
Platelet count
Normal: 140-400x10^9/L
Neutrophils
Normal: 1.8-7.5x10^9/L
High: bacterial infection, inflammation, myeloproliferation, drugs (steroids), disseminated malignancy, stress (haemorrhage, trauma, surgery, burns, seizure)
Low: viral infections, drugs (chemotherapy, cytotoxic, carbimazole, sulphonamides), sepsis, SLE, haemolytic anaemia, bone marrow failure, hypersplenism
Lymphocytes
Normal: 1.0-4.0x10^9/L
High: acute viral infections, chronic infections, leukaemia, lymphoma
Low: steroids, SLE, uraemia, Legionnaire’s disease, HIV, marrow infiltration, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
Monocytes
Normal: 0.2-0.8x10^9/L
High: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, chronic infection, malignancy, myelodysplasia
Eosinophils
Normal: 0.1-0.4x10^9/L
High: drug reactions (erythema multiforme), allergies, afoot, parasitic infections, skin disease, malignancy
Basophils
Normal: 0.02-0.1x10^9/L
High: myeloproliferation, viral infections, hypersensitivity, inflammatory disorders
Red cell count
Normal: M 4.5-6.5x10^12/L; F 3.8-5.8x10^12/L
Haematocrit
Normal: M 0.4-0.54L/L; F 0.37-0.47L/L
Mean cell volume
Normal: 80-100fL
Low: microcytic anaemia (iron deficiency, thalassaemia, sideroblastic)
High: macrocytic anaemia (B12 deficiency, alcohol, reticulocytosis, drugs eg hydroxycarbamide and phenytoin, hypothyroidism, marrow infiltration, myelodysplasia), haemolytic anaemia (if many young RBCs present)
Mean corpuscular haemoglobin
Normal: 27-32pg/cell
Low: iron-deficiency anaemia
Reticulocyte count
Normal: 0.2-2%
High: haemolysis, haemorrhage, recently treated iron/B12 deficiency anaemia
Prothrombin time
Normal: 10-14s
Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
Normal: 24-37s
Fibrinogen
Normal: 1.5-4.5s
Ferritin
Normal: M 25-350ng/mL; F 10-300ng/mL
Low: iron deficiency
High: anaemia of chronic disease, chronic haemolysis, haemochromatosis, sideroblastic anaemia
Vitamin B12
Normal: 180-1000pg/mL