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SBAs Y5 > Blood values > Flashcards

Blood values Flashcards

1
Q

Haemoglobin

A

Normal values: M 130-180g/L; F 115-165g/L

Low: anaemia (microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic), pregnancy, marrow failure

High: polycythaemia

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2
Q

Ca2+

A

Normal: 2.15-2.65mmol/L

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3
Q

Calcium in term baby

A

Normal: 2.10-2.95mmol/L

High:

Low:

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4
Q

Calcium in preterm baby

A

Normal: 1.90-2.85mmol/L

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5
Q

Phosphate

A

Normal: 0.80-1.40mmol/L

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6
Q

Phosphate in term baby

A

Normal: 0.95-1.70mmol/L

High:

Low: osteopenia of prematurity

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7
Q

Phosphate in preterm baby

A

Normal: 0.93-1.72mmol/L

High:

Low: osteopenia of prematurity

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8
Q

TSH

A

Normal: 0.33-4.5U/L

High: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid

Low: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)

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9
Q

Free T3

A

Normal: 3.2-6.5pmol/L

High: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)

Low: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid

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10
Q

Free T4

A

Normal: 10.2-22.0pmol/L

High: hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease, toxic multi nodular adenoma, subacute thyroiditis, post partum thyroiditis)

Low: hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s disease, atrophic thyroid, post RAI or surgery), post-thyroiditis, sick euthyroid

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11
Q

Thyroglobulin

A

<5ug/L

High: pregnancy, papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma

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12
Q

White cell count

A

Normal: 3.6-11.0x10^9/L

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13
Q

Platelet count

A

Normal: 140-400x10^9/L

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14
Q

Neutrophils

A

Normal: 1.8-7.5x10^9/L

High: bacterial infection, inflammation, myeloproliferation, drugs (steroids), disseminated malignancy, stress (haemorrhage, trauma, surgery, burns, seizure)

Low: viral infections, drugs (chemotherapy, cytotoxic, carbimazole, sulphonamides), sepsis, SLE, haemolytic anaemia, bone marrow failure, hypersplenism

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15
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Normal: 1.0-4.0x10^9/L

High: acute viral infections, chronic infections, leukaemia, lymphoma

Low: steroids, SLE, uraemia, Legionnaire’s disease, HIV, marrow infiltration, chemotherapy, radiotherapy

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16
Q

Monocytes

A

Normal: 0.2-0.8x10^9/L

High: chemotherapy, radiotherapy, chronic infection, malignancy, myelodysplasia

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17
Q

Eosinophils

A

Normal: 0.1-0.4x10^9/L

High: drug reactions (erythema multiforme), allergies, afoot, parasitic infections, skin disease, malignancy

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18
Q

Basophils

A

Normal: 0.02-0.1x10^9/L

High: myeloproliferation, viral infections, hypersensitivity, inflammatory disorders

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19
Q

Red cell count

A

Normal: M 4.5-6.5x10^12/L; F 3.8-5.8x10^12/L

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20
Q

Haematocrit

A

Normal: M 0.4-0.54L/L; F 0.37-0.47L/L

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21
Q

Mean cell volume

A

Normal: 80-100fL

Low: microcytic anaemia (iron deficiency, thalassaemia, sideroblastic)

High: macrocytic anaemia (B12 deficiency, alcohol, reticulocytosis, drugs eg hydroxycarbamide and phenytoin, hypothyroidism, marrow infiltration, myelodysplasia), haemolytic anaemia (if many young RBCs present)

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22
Q

Mean corpuscular haemoglobin

A

Normal: 27-32pg/cell

Low: iron-deficiency anaemia

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23
Q

Reticulocyte count

A

Normal: 0.2-2%

High: haemolysis, haemorrhage, recently treated iron/B12 deficiency anaemia

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24
Q

Prothrombin time

A

Normal: 10-14s

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25
Q

Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)

A

Normal: 24-37s

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26
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Normal: 1.5-4.5s

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27
Q

Ferritin

A

Normal: M 25-350ng/mL; F 10-300ng/mL

Low: iron deficiency

High: anaemia of chronic disease, chronic haemolysis, haemochromatosis, sideroblastic anaemia

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28
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Normal: 180-1000pg/mL

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29
Q

Folate

A

Normal: >4.0ng/mL

30
Q

Na+

A

Normal: 133-146mmol/L

31
Q

K+

A

Normal: 3.5-5.3mmol/L

32
Q

Mg2+

A

Normal: 0.7-1.0mmol/L

33
Q

Urea

A

Normal: 2.5-7.8mmol/L

34
Q

Creatinine

A

Normal: M 59-104umol/L; F 45-84umol/L

35
Q

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

A

Normal: 30-130U/L

36
Q

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A

Normal: M <41U/L; F <33U/L

37
Q

Bilirubin

A

Normal: <21umol/L

38
Q

Gamma-glutimyl transferase (GGT)

A

Normal: M <60U/L; F <40U/L

39
Q

Albumin

A

Normal: 35-50g/L

40
Q

Creatinine kinase (CK)

A

Normal: M 40-320U/L; F 25-200U/L

41
Q

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

A

Normal: 240-480U/L

42
Q

Lactate

A

Normal: 0.5-2.2mmol/L

43
Q

Urate

A

Normal: M 200-430umol/L; F 140-360umol/L

44
Q

Amylase

A

Normal: 28-100U/dL

45
Q

Cholesterol

A

Normal: <5mmol/L

46
Q

Triglyceride

A

Normal: 0.55-1.90mmmol/L

47
Q

LDL

A

Normal: <3mmol/L

48
Q

HDL

A

Normal: >1mmol/L

49
Q

Cholesterol/HDL

A

Normal: <4

50
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

Normal: M <49yo 1-7; M >50yo 2-10; F <49yo 3-9; F >50yo 5-15

51
Q

C-reactive protein (CRP)

A

Normal: <5mg/L

52
Q

GH (random)

A

Normal: M <5ng/mL; F <10ng/mL

53
Q

Cortisol (random)

A

Normal: 137-429nmol/L

54
Q

Testosterone

A

Normal: M <49yo 10-45nmol/L; >50yo 6.2-26nmol/L; F <2.0nmol/L

55
Q

Fasting blood glucose

A

Normal: 4.0-6.0mmol/L

56
Q

Postprandial blood glucose (2h after eating)

A

Normal: <7.8mmol/L

57
Q

HbA1c

A

Normal: <42mmol/mol (6.0%)

58
Q

pH

A

Normal: 7.35-7.45

59
Q

ABG: pO2

A

Normal: 11-13kPa

60
Q

ABG: pCO2

A

Normal: 4.7-6.0kPa

61
Q

HCO3

A

Normal: 22-26mmol/L

62
Q

Base excess (BE)

A

Normal: -2 to +2mmol/L

63
Q

Red cell distribution width (RCDW)

A

Normal: 11.5-14.6%

High: mixed macrocytic and microcytic anaemias (eg malabsorption)

64
Q

Iron

A

Normal: M 14-32umol/L; F 10-28umol/L

Low: iron deficiency, anaemia of chronic disease

High: chronic haemolysis, haemochromatosis, pregnancy, sideroblastic anaemia

65
Q

Total iron binding capacity (TIBC)

A

Normal: 45-72umol/L

Low: chronic haemolysis, haemochromatosis, anaemia of chronic disease

High: iron deficiency, pregnancy

66
Q

Prothrombin time (PT)

A

Normal: differs dependent on site, is normalised using INR (normal 0.9-1.2)

High: Faulty extrinsic pathway (e.g. warfarin, vitamin K deficient, liver disease, DIC)

67
Q

Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)

A

Normal: 35-45s

High: Intrinsic pathway deficiency (e.g. heparin, haemophilia, DIC, liver disease, haemophilia, von Willebrand’s disease)

68
Q

Thrombin time

A

Normal: 10-15s

High: heparin, DIC, dysfibrinogenaemia

69
Q

D-dimers

A

Normal:

High: DIC, VTE (DVT/PE), inflammation (including infection and malignancy)

70
Q

Bleeding time

A

Normal: <10min

High: DIC, liver disease, platelet deficiency, von Willebrand’s disease

SBAs Y5 (5 decks)

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