blood transfusion complications Flashcards
describe TRALI
<6 hours of transfusion
presents with hypoxia/ ARDs, hypotension, fever
non cardiac pulmonary oedema due to increased permeability
management of TRALI
stop transfusion
oxygen and supportive care
consider ICU involvement
what is an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction
ABO incompatibilities
leading to intravascular haemolysis
symptoms start minutes after transfusion
fever, abdo and chest pain, hypotension
what is the management of ABO incompatibility
stop transfusion
fluid resusitation
recheck product and identity, send for repeat coombs, typing and cross match
risk of DIC and kidney damage
what is TACO
transfusion related circulatory overload
presents with worsening respiratory comprimise and pulmonary oedema
up to 12 hours after
HTN !!
who is more at risk of allergic/ anaphylactic reactions to blood products
those with IgA deficiency
management of TACO
slow / stop transfusion
IV diuretics
what is a non-haemolytic febrile reaction
due to WBC HLA antibodies,
which often develop due to sensitisation during pregnancy/ previous transfusion
higher risk during PLT transfusions
presentation of non-haemolytic febrile reaction
rise in more than 1 degree, or temp >38
fever
chills
rigors
increased RR
anxienty/ restlessness
management of non haemolytic febrile reaction
slow/ stop transfusion
paracetamol
monitor
what is graft vs host disease
WBC from donor recognise host as non self and attack host cells
higher risk in those with less WCBs
occurs 1-2 weeks post transfusion
leads to sever marrow aplasia
90% mortality
