BLOOD TRANSFUSION Flashcards
Blood types
A
B
AB- universal recipient
O universal donor
Rh factor
Can only receive blood that is compatible with their own blood type
cross matching
RBCs from donor mixed with sample of plasma from recipient.
Reagent is added
Observe for agglutination (it clot or doesn’t clot)
Blood transfusion can or can’t e delegated
can not
blood transfusion
pre- procedure
1 verify order 2 obtain informed consent 3 assess allergies 4 check for history of blood trans 5 premedicate if needed 6 assess IV patenct and size 7obtain vitals, urine output and labs 8 gather supplies
____plasma indicates ______
RBCs should be ___, not purple or black No large ____visible
___leakage
Pink plasma indicates hemolysis RBCs should be red, not purple or black No large clots visible No leakage
things to do before transfusion
Verify identification with another licensed staff
Use two patient identifiers
Compare patient name and ID number to the blood bank form
Compare unit identification of blood to the blood bank form
Compare patient’s blood type to blood type on blood product
Document on appropriate form
blood transfusion steps
Use blood administration set tubing Spike and prime tubing with NS Spike the blood Obtain and record vitals (baseline) Connect administration set to IV catheter Start infusion at slow rate Stay with patient for 15 minutes Obtain vitals per agency policy
Blood and blood products must infuse within _ hours
4
After infusion of blood has infused,
open clamp to the NS to flush tubing
Discard empty blood container in
biohazard
watch for
back pain, Chills, SOB
Signs and Symptoms of Reactions
Allergic, Bacterial, Febrile, Hemolytic, Circulatory overload
Allergic
Flushing, itching, wheezing, hives, anaphylaxis
bacterial
fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, hypertension
febrile
fever, chills warm, flushed skin, aches
hemolytic
fever, chills, dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, hypotension; can be fatal
Circulatory overload
Persistent cough, crackles, hypertension, distended neck veins
if reaction \_\_\_\_ transfusion IMMEDIATELY Do \_\_flush tubing Obtain \_\_\_\_and \_\_\_\_\_ Hang \_\_\_infusion of NS Notify \_\_\_\_\_\_ Send \_\_\_\_ product back to blood bank Obtain \_\_\_\_and \_\_\_\_specimens Continue monitoring \_\_\_\_\_signs
Stop transfusion IMMEDIATELY
Do NOT flush tubing Obtain vitals and assessment
Hang new infusion of NS
Notify provider
Send blood product back to blood bank Obtain blood and urine specimens Continue monitoring vital signs
document
Date and Time
Reason for transfusion
Vital signs
Amount of blood transfused on I&O record
Any complications and interventions taken
