Blood Supply to Brain Flashcards
Two main sources that provide blood supply to the brain?
Internal Carotid Artery and Vertebral Arteries
Where do the vertebral arteries originate from?
Subclavian arteries
Where does the subclavian artery originate from?
Right comes off the brachiocephalic artery which branches from the aorta and the left branches directly from aorta
Where do the internal carotid arteries originate from?
Common Carotid artery
The internal carotid arteries branch off to give too two main arteries?
Anterior Cerebral Artery and Middle Cerebral Artery
Besides the ACA and MCA, which other arteries does the ICA give rise to?
Ophthalmic Artery
Anterior Chorodial Artery
What does the ophthalmic artery supply?
The Retina
What does the Anterior Chorodial Artery supply?
Posterior thalamus and internal capsule
The vertebral arteries join to form which artery?
Basilar Artery
The vertebralbasilar system gives off three paired circumferential arteries?
*Superior Cerebellar Arteries
*Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
*Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries
What forms the posterior cerebral artery?
Basilar Artery
Which lobes does the Anterior Cerebral Artery Supply?
Anterior, Superior and Medial Frontal Lobes
AND
Superior and Medial Parietal Lobes
Which lobes does the middle cerebral artery supply?
majority of the cerebral hemisphere including portions of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes
which lobes are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery?
occipital lobes, inferior and medial temporal lobes and the thalami
What are the three main deficits that occur with insult of the Internal Carotid Artery?
Ocular Infarction
Transient Monocular Blindness AKA Amaurosis Fugax
Cerebral Infarction
What is the term for transient vision loss last seconds to minutes with full vision recovery?
Transient Monocular Blindness AKA Amaurosis Fugax
What deficits are expected with Superior Division Left MCA Infarct?
Right hemiparesis
Broca’s Aphasia
(Brock is dominant and superior)
What deficits are expected with Superior Division Right MCA Infarct?
Left Sided Hemiparesis
Apraxia
Deficits with spatial perception
What deficits are expected with a inferior division left side MCA infarct?
Wernicke’s aphasia
What deficits are expected with a inferior division right side MCA infarct?
Left visual neglect
When there is a infarct to the ACA, when do you usually see deficits? Proximal occlusion vs Distal Occlusion
Distal Occlusion
Proximal occlusion is well tolerated due to collateral arteries
What are the four main deficits you see with infarct to the ACA?
- Contralateral Hemiparesis Leg > Arm
- Urinary Incontinence
- Contralateral Grasp Reflex
- Paratonic Rigidity
Why do you see urinary incontinence occur in ACA infarct?
The frontal micturition inhibition center is located in the frontal lobe that is supplied by ACA
What are the two terms that are used for when a patient has a infarct in the ACA and is noted to have the inability to relax muscles during muscle tone assessment?
Paratonic Rigidity OR Gegenhalten
