Blood Supplies Flashcards
Clinical Vignette: A 45-year-old man comes to your office complaining of testicular pain. You suspect testicular torsion and are concerned about ischemia. What is the main blood supply to the testis?
Multiple Choice Options:
A. Deferential artery
B. Cremasteric (external spermatic) artery
C. Testicular (internal spermatic) artery
D. Inferior epididymal artery
Correct Answer: C. Testicular (internal spermatic) artery
In-depth Explanation:
A. Deferential artery: Although it does supply the testis, it is not the main blood supply. This artery mainly originates from the internal iliac (hypogastric) artery/superior vesicle artery.
B. Cremasteric (external spermatic) artery: Supplies the cremaster muscle and testis but is not the main source of blood supply. It originates from the inferior epigastric artery.
C. Testicular (internal spermatic) artery: Correct. This is the main blood supply to the testis and originates from the aorta.
D. Inferior epididymal artery: This artery mainly supplies the epididymis, not the testis. It is derived from the vassal (deferential) artery.
Memory Tool: “In-Test” to remember “Internal Testicular” as the main supply.
Reference Citation: Paragraph 1, Table 67.1
Rationale: Knowing the main blood supply to the testis is crucial for any urological emergency involving ischemia or torsion.
Clinical Vignette: During a surgical procedure to address epididymitis in a 35-year-old man, you need to be cautious of the blood supply. Which artery primarily supplies the superior part of the epididymis?
Multiple Choice Options:
A. Superior epididymal artery
B. Inferior epididymal artery
C. Deferential artery
D. Testicular (internal spermatic) artery
Correct Answer: A. Superior epididymal artery
In-depth Explanation:
A. Superior epididymal artery: Correct. This artery is derived from the testicular artery and supplies the superior part of the epididymis.
B. Inferior epididymal artery: Supplies the inferior part of the epididymis, derived from the vassal (deferential) artery.
C. Deferential artery: Mainly supplies the vas deferens, not the epididymis.
D. Testicular (internal spermatic) artery: Main blood supply to the testis, not the epididymis.
Memory Tool: “Superior Epi gets the Top supply” to remember superior epididymis gets supply from the superior epididymal artery.
Reference Citation: Paragraph 2, Table 67.1
Rationale: Knowledge of blood supply is essential when performing surgical procedures involving the epididymis to prevent unintended vascular damage.
Vignette: A patient has been diagnosed with damage to the sacral nerves due to aortic aneurysm surgery. Which artery originating from the aorta supplies the sacral nerves and sacrum?
Options:
A. Middle sacral
B. Ascending lumbar
C. Lateral sacral
D. Superior vesical
Correct Answer: A. Middle sacral
Explanation:
A: The middle sacral artery originates from the aorta and supplies the sacral nerves and sacrum.
B: The ascending lumbar artery does not originate from the aorta and supplies psoas and quadratus lumborum muscles.
C: The lateral sacral artery does not originate from the aorta and supplies sacral nerves and sacrum.
D: The superior vesical artery does not originate from the aorta and supplies the bladder, ureter, vas deferens, and seminal vesicle.
Memory Tool: “Middle Sacral is the Aorta’s Sacred Route” – The Middle sacral artery originates from the aorta and supplies the sacral nerves and sacrum.
Reference: Table 109.1, Paragraph 1
Rationale for Question: Awareness of the origin of arteries supplying the sacral nerves is key for diagnosing complications related to aortic procedures.
Vignette: A patient undergoing elective hernia repair is at risk for compromising which artery supplying the inguinal ligament and surrounding structures laterally?
Options:
A. Deep circumflex iliac
B. Inferior vesical
C. Pubic
D. Obturator
Correct Answer: A. Deep circumflex iliac
Explanation:
A: The deep circumflex iliac artery supplies the inguinal ligament and surrounding structures laterally.
B: The inferior vesical artery supplies the bladder, seminal vesicle, prostate, and ureter, but not the inguinal ligament.
C: The pubic artery supplies the inguinal ligament and surrounding structures medially, not laterally.
D: The obturator artery supplies the adductor muscles of the leg and overlying skin, not the inguinal ligament.
Memory Tool: “Deep Circumflex for Lateral Ligament” – Deep circumflex iliac artery supplies the inguinal ligament laterally.
Reference: Table 109.1, Paragraph 1
Rationale for Question: Understanding the blood supply to the inguinal ligament is crucial in hernia repair procedures to minimize risks.
Vignette: A patient has sustained a gluteal injury and is experiencing pain and swelling. Which artery supplying the gluteus muscles originates from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac?
Options:
A. Superior gluteal
B. Inferior gluteal
C. Superior vesical
D. Ascending lumbar
Correct Answer: A. Superior gluteal
Explanation:
A: The superior gluteal artery originates from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac and supplies the gluteus muscles.
B: The inferior gluteal artery originates from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac, not the posterior.
C: The superior vesical artery does not supply the gluteus muscles.
D: The ascending lumbar artery does not originate from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac and does not supply the gluteus muscles.
Memory Tool: “Superior Gluteal for Superior Glutes” – Superior gluteal artery comes from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac and is responsible for the gluteus muscles.
Reference: Table 109.1, Paragraph 1
Rationale for Question: Knowledge of the origin of ar
