blood suply and drainage of orofacial region

Question 1

branches of the EXTERNAL carotid artery

Answer 1

lingual artery
facial artery
maxillary artery

Question 2

what does lingual artery supply

Answer 2

muscles of tongue
mucosa of tongue
palatoglossal arch 
tonsil
soft palate 
epiglottis

Question 3

describe the journey of the facial artery

Answer 3

branches off the external carotid artery
enters the ramus of the mandible
grooves around the posterior border of subMANDIBULAR gland
loops to go anterior to masseter (where pulse can be felt)
runs to corner of mouth, up the side of nose and then the medial aspect of orbit

Question 4

name branches of the facial artery

Answer 4

ASCENDING palatine artery

inferior and superior labial arteries (lower and upper lip blood supply)

glandular artery

tonsilar artery

submental artery

lateral NASAL arteries

Question 5

what does the ascending palatine artery supply

Answer 5

soft palate
upper part of pharynx
tonsil
auditory tube/ eustachian tube

Question 6

describe the journey of the maxillary artery

Answer 6

arises behind the neck of mandible (within the PAROTID gland), runs into the INFRAtemporal fossa, can then pass either deep or superficial to lateral pterygoid muscle as it travels to the PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA

Question 7

branches of the maxillary artery

Answer 7

PSA artery
IA artery
IO artery
GREATER palatine artery

Question 8

what does the PSA artery supply

Answer 8

(a branch found in the pterygopalatine fossa)

travels to posterior aspect of maxilla to supply the:

• molar and pre-molar teeth
• maxillary air sinus
• maxillary gingivae

Question 9

what does the IO artery supply

Answer 9

(a branch found in the pterygopalatine fossa)

its ASA branches supply:

• maxillary air sinus
• anterior teeth

Question 10

what does the IA artery supply

Answer 10

like the nerve it enters mandible via the mandibular foramen, and gives off the mental artery and the IA and incisive branch

mental artery= blood supply to chin
IA+ incisive branch= blood supply to ALL mandibular teeth

Question 11

what does the greater palatine artery supply

Answer 11

• supplies mucosa and gingiva of the HARD palate

- the antero-inferior nasal cavity

Question 12

veins draining the tongue

Answer 12

deep lingual veins
AND
dorsal lingual vein

both will empty into the IJV

Question 13

veins draining the hard and soft palate

Answer 13

pterygoid plexus in the infra-temporal fossa
AND
veins linked with palatine tonsil

Question 14

the pterygoid venous plexus is clinical relevance because it is found…

Answer 14

• around/ within the LATERAL pterygoid muscle

- communicates with facial VEIN

Question 15

the pterygoid plexus of veins drains into the..

Answer 15

maxillary vein

Question 16

veins draining maxillary teeth

Answer 16

veins linked with ASA artery= drained by facial VEIN

veins linked with the PSA artery= drained into pterygoid plexus

Question 17

veins draining mandibular teeth

Answer 17

first the inferior alveolar VEINS
then if anterior= drained into facial vein
then if posterior= pterygoid plexus

Question 18

veins draining the superficial face

Answer 18

facial vein, as the facial vein travels down the face it joins the DEEP facial vein. the deep facial vein communicates wit the pterygoid plexus (to eventually drain into IJV)

Question 19

pterygoid plexus of veins is found in the infratemporal fossa. it drains blood from…

Answer 19

1. teeth
2. superficial structures of face (via deep facial vein)
3. the orbit
4. soft and hard palate
5. cranial cavity