Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Therapeutics > Blood Products and Administration > Flashcards

Blood Products and Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Universal blood donor

A

O negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Universal blood recipient

A

AB positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is whole blood?

A

Red cells, white cells, platelets, electrolytes, plasma, antibodies, added anticoagulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Indication for whole blood transfusion

A

Massive blood loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Unit volume of whole blood

A

500 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are packed red blood cells?

A

Contains mainly red cells (plasma removed) and some white cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indications for packed red blood cell transfusion

A

To raise H & H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does one unit of packed red blood cells do to the hematocrit level?

A

Raises by 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does one unit of packed red blood cells do to the hemoglobin level?

A

Raises by 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Unit volume of packed red blood cells

A

300 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are platelets?

A

The second reduction process of whole blood: platelets are separated from plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Unit volume of platelets for transfusion

A

50-70 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indications for platelet transfusion

A
  1. Presence of bleeding (petechiae, gum bleeding, blood in stool/urine, frank bleeding
  2. Platelet count
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does one unit of platelets increase the platelet count by?

A

5,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is fresh frozen plasma?

A

Plasma separated from whole blood and then frozen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Unit volume of fresh frozen plasma

A

200-250 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Indications for fresh frozen plasma transfusion?

A

Known clotting deficiencies, DIC, liver disease, warfarin reversal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Does fresh frozen plasma need to be matched to blood type?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Should fresh frozen plasma be filtered during transfusion?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is cryoprecipitate?

A

Prepared from plasma and contains factor VIII, von Willebrand’s factor, factor XIII, and fibrinogen

21
Q

Unit volume of cryoprecipitate

A

5-20 mL

22
Q

Indications for cryoprecipitate

A

Hemophilia A (Factor VIII deficiency), von Willebrand’s disease, factor XIII deficiency

23
Q

What is albumin?

A

Plasma derivative not ABO or Rh matched

24
Q

What are the available concentrations of albumin?

A

5% and 25%

25
Q

Indications for albumin

A

Volume expansion when crystalloid solutions are not adequate and/or when there is capillary leak

26
Q

Action of albumin

A

Provides oncotic pressure to keep plasma fluid in the intravascular space

27
Q

A patient is going to have a blood transfusion. When should the nurse take the patient’s vital signs?

A

30 minutes prior to transfusion, 15 minutes after beginning transfusion, and within 15 minutes of the end of transfusion.

28
Q

What is the preferred gauge size for blood product administration?

A

18 to prevent cell destruction, however 20 may be used

29
Q

How long can blood tubing be uses?

A

24 hours or 6 units of blood products

30
Q

Should the nurse use clean or sterile gloves when administering blood products?

A

Clean gloves

31
Q

Why should you not prime blood administration tubing with lactated ringers or dextrose solution?

A

They will hemolyze red cells

32
Q

Can medications be added to blood products?

A

NO

33
Q

Can medications be piggy packed to blood products?

A

NO

34
Q

Once blood has left the blood bank, how long is it good for?

A

4 hours

35
Q

How much blood should be transfused in the first 15 minutes?

A

No more than 30 mL

36
Q

Febrile non-hemolytic reaction: definition

A
  1. Immediate or with 6 hours
  2. Most common and often occurs in patients who have had multiple transfusions
  3. Antigen-antibody response to the donor’s WBC’s
37
Q

Febrile non-hemolytic reaction: symptoms

A

Sudden chills, fever, headache, flushing, anxiety, muscle pains, chest pain, dyspnea, N&V

38
Q

Febrile non-hemolytic reaction: interventions

A
  1. STOP TRANSFUSION

2. Administer antipyretics

39
Q

Allergic reaction: definition

A
  1. During transfusion or with 1 hour post

2. Sensitivity to foreign plasma proteins

40
Q

Allergic reaction: symptoms

A

Flushing, itching, hives (urticaria)

41
Q

Allergic reaction: interventions

A
  1. STOP TRANSFUSION

2. Administer antihistamines as ordered

42
Q

Acute hemolytic reaction: definition

A
  1. Usually occurs in first 5-15 minutes
  2. ABO or Rh incompatibility, happens when blood is mislabeled, patients T&C are mislabeled, patient not properly admitted
43
Q

Acute hemolytic reaction: symptoms

A

Chills, fever, low back/flank pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, renal failure, hemoglobinuria, cardiac arrest, death, apprehension, headache

44
Q

Acute hemolytic reaction: interventions

A
  1. STOP TRANSFUSION
  2. Support ABC’s
  3. Check VS q 4min
45
Q

Anaphylactic reaction: definition

A
  1. Immediate

2. Infusion of IgA protein to IgA deficient recipient

46
Q

Anaphylactic reaction: symptoms

A

Anxiety, urticaria, wheezing, respiratory distress, N&V, diarrhea, cramping, shock, cardiac arrest

47
Q

Anaphylactic reaction: interventions

A
  1. STOP TRANSFUSION
  2. Stupport ABC’s
  3. Administer epinephrine as ordered
48
Q

Fluid volume overload: symptoms

A 
Hypertension
Bounding pulse
Distended jugular veins
Dyspnea
Restlessness
Confusion

Therapeutics (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions