Blood Pressure Agent Drug Names

Question 1

“-pril”

Answer 1

ACE inhibitors

Question 2

“-sartan”

Answer 2

ARBs blocker (Angiotensin II receptor blocker)

Question 3

Aliskiren

Answer 3

Renin inhibitor

Question 4

“-dipine”

Answer 4

Calcium channel blockers

Question 5

Diltiazem

Answer 5

Calcium channel blocker

Question 6

Verapamil

Answer 6

Calcium channel blocker

Question 7

Hydralazine

Answer 7

Vasodilator

Question 8

Minoxidil

Answer 8

Vasodilator

Question 9

Nitroprusside

Answer 9

Vasodilator

Question 10

Nitroglycerin

Answer 10

Vasodilator

Question 11

Spironolactone

Answer 11

Potassium sparing diuretic

Question 12

Triamterene

Answer 12

Potassium sparing diuretic

Question 13

“-thiazide” or “-thalidone”

Answer 13

Thiazide and thiazide- like diuretics

Question 14

“-olol”

Answer 14

“A.M. IN THE MORNING” - selective beta blockers
Atenolol
Metoprolol
“P.N AT NIGHT” - non selective beta blocker
Propranolol

Question 15

Phentoloamine - how is is administered and what is the drug class?

Answer 15

Non selective alpha adrenergic blocker - blocks alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors.
Administered IM or IV only
Can result in reflex tachycardia
Indication: Pheochromocytoma- rare tumor on adrenal gland

Question 16

“-azosin”

Answer 16

Alpha 1 blockers - selective- only blocks alpha 1 receptors

Question 17

Carvedilol

Answer 17

Alpha and beta blockers

Question 18

Labetalol

Answer 18

Alpha and beta blockers

Question 19

Antihypotensive agents: Vasopressors

Answer 19

Dobutamine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Question 20

Clonidine

Answer 20

Alpha 2 agonist - Stimulates alpha 2 receptors in the central nervous system, reducing sympathetic outflow and thus lowering Bp.

Question 21

Which drug class has a drug- food interaction with grapefruit juice?

Answer 21

Calcium channel blockers

Question 22

Which drug class would you want to make sure you watch out for hyperglycemia, as it can block normal s/sx of this?

Answer 22

Beta Blockers

Question 23

Which drug class would you want to make sure your patient does not abruptly stop taking?

Answer 23

Beta blockers

Question 24

Which drug class should you take the apical pulse for before administration? At what pulse rate would you hold medication?

Answer 24

beta blockers
Hold if less than 60

Question 25

In non selective beta blockers such as Propranolol why would you want to watch out for patients with COPD and asthma?

Answer 25

Because an adverse effects of this drug is bronchospasm since it blocks beta 1 and 2 receptors. (Bronchoconstriction)

Question 26

Which receptors do vasopressors stimulate?

Answer 26

All of them

Question 27

How are vasopressors administered?

Answer 27

IV for acute life threatening situations

Question 28

What is the action of alpha and beta blockers?

Answer 28

Blocks norepinephrine at all alpha and beta receptors in the SNS Lower BP and HR Increases renal perfusion and lowers renin

Question 29

What is the action of clonidine?

Answer 29

Alpha 2 agonist Stimulate the alpha 2 receptors in the CNS and inhibits the CV centers, leading to a decrease in sympathetic outflow from the CNS resulting in a drop in BP.

Question 30

Action of alpha 1 blockers

Answer 30

“-azosin” Blocks alpha 1 receptor sites Decrease in vascular tone resulting in vasodilation Decrease in bp

Question 31

What is the action of beta blockers?

Answer 31

Blocks beta receptors in the heart Decrease HR and cardia muscle contraction Vasodilators which increase blood flow to the kidneys leading to a decrease in the release of renin

Question 32

True or false It is ok to crush or chew your extended release medication

Answer 32

FALSE. This could result in toxicity

Question 33

What is a drug drug interaction for calcium channel blockers?

Answer 33

cyclosporine and Diltiazem

Question 34

Which blood pressure medication drug would you want to avoid alcohol with? And why?

Answer 34

PHENTOLAMINE - Alpha adrenergic blocker Alcohol is also a vasodilator

Question 35

What does reflex tachycardia mean and what drug is this an adverse effect?

Answer 35

Reflex tachycardia is a rapid increase in heart rate that occurs as a compensatory response to a sudden drop in blood pressure. This reflex is the body’s attempt to maintain adequate blood flow and blood pressure, especially to vital organs, when a drop in pressure is sensed. It is a sympathetic system response. PHENTOLAMINE- alpha adrenergic blocker Alcohol- non selective

Question 36

What is an adverse effect of Nitroprusside?

Answer 36

Cyanide toxicity -pink/cherry-red skin -Headache -dizziness -dyspnea -Vomiting

Question 37

Which BP medication would you not want to a stop abruptly?

Answer 37

Beta blockers

Question 38

What is a drug- drug interaction when taking ACE inhibitors?

Answer 38

Allopurinol Other RAAS drugs NSAIDS

Question 39

What are drug-drug interactions with beta blockers?

Answer 39

Clonidine, NSAIDs, insulin/hypoglycemic agents

Question 40

Why would you want to monitor blood glucose closely in patients taking beta blockers?

Answer 40

Close monitoring of blood glucose is recommended in patients taking beta blockers because beta blockers can mask some of the typical symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), such as rapid heart rate, palpitations, and tremors. This is particularly important for patients with diabetes, who are at a higher risk for hypoglycemia, especially if they are on insulin or other glucose-lowering medications. Beta blockers affect the sympathetic nervous system and may blunt the “adrenergic” warning symptoms of hypoglycemia, making it more difficult for patients to recognize low blood sugar. Additionally, non-selective beta blockers can potentially impair the release of glucose from the liver, which could exacerbate hypoglycemia. In patients with diabetes or those prone to blood sugar fluctuations, it’s essential to monitor blood glucose levels closely to detect and manage hypoglycemia effectively while on beta blockers.

Question 41

What is a drug-drug interaction when taking non selective adrenergic blocker?

Answer 41

DRUG NAME: Phentolamine Alcohol, - alcohol has a vasodilation effect which can cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure

Question 42

Why wouldn’t you want to abruptly stop taking beta blockers?

Answer 42

Implementation: Abruptly stopping beta blockers can lead to serious cardiovascular issues because the body may have adapted to their effects. Beta blockers reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac workload by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. When you stop them suddenly, the body can experience a “rebound” effect, where the heart and blood vessels become overreactive, leading to: 1. Rebound Tachycardia: A rapid increase in heart rate, which can stress the heart and potentially trigger arrhythmias. 2. Increased Blood Pressure: Sudden withdrawal can cause a spike in blood pressure (rebound hypertension), increasing the risk of stroke or heart attack, especially in those with hypertension or heart disease. 3. Angina or Heart Attack: Patients with coronary artery disease are at risk of increased chest pain (angina) or even a heart attack due to the sudden increase in heart workload. To avoid these risks, doctors typically recommend gradually tapering off beta blockers over days to weeks, allowing the body to adjust slowly and reducing the risk of rebound effects.

Question 43

Why would a patient be prescribed alpha1 blockers?

Answer 43

Hypertension Blocks alpha 1 receptor sites Decrease vascular tone resulting in vasodilation Decreases BP