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Blood Pressure Agents > Blood Pressure Agent Drug Names > Flashcards

Blood Pressure Agent Drug Names Flashcards

1
Q

“-pril”

A

ACE inhibitors

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2
Q

“-sartan”

A

ARBs blocker (Angiotensin II receptor blocker)

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3
Q

Aliskiren

A

Renin inhibitor

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4
Q

“-dipine”

A

Calcium channel blockers

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5
Q

Diltiazem

A

Calcium channel blocker

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6
Q

Verapamil

A

Calcium channel blocker

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7
Q

Hydralazine

A

Vasodilator

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8
Q

Minoxidil

A

Vasodilator

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9
Q

Nitroprusside

A

Vasodilator

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10
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Vasodilator

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11
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

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12
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

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13
Q

“-thiazide” or “-thalidone”

A

Thiazide and thiazide- like diuretics

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14
Q

“-olol”

A

“A.M. IN THE MORNING” - selective beta blockers
Atenolol
Metoprolol
“P.N AT NIGHT” - non selective beta blocker
Propranolol

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15
Q

Phentoloamine - how is is administered and what is the drug class?

A

Non selective alpha adrenergic blocker - blocks alpha 1 and alpha 2 receptors.
Administered IM or IV only
Can result in reflex tachycardia
Indication: Pheochromocytoma- rare tumor on adrenal gland

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16
Q

“-azosin”

A

Alpha 1 blockers - selective- only blocks alpha 1 receptors

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17
Q

Carvedilol

A

Alpha and beta blockers

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18
Q

Labetalol

A

Alpha and beta blockers

19
Q

Antihypotensive agents: Vasopressors

A

Dobutamine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

20
Q

Clonidine

A

Alpha 2 agonist - Stimulates alpha 2 receptors in the central nervous system, reducing sympathetic outflow and thus lowering Bp.

21
Q

Which drug class has a drug- food interaction with grapefruit juice?

A

Calcium channel blockers

22
Q

Which drug class would you want to make sure you watch out for hyperglycemia, as it can block normal s/sx of this?

A

Beta Blockers

23
Q

Which drug class would you want to make sure your patient does not abruptly stop taking?

A

Beta blockers

24
Q

Which drug class should you take the apical pulse for before administration? At what pulse rate would you hold medication?

A

beta blockers
Hold if less than 60

25
Q

In non selective beta blockers such as Propranolol why would you want to watch out for patients with COPD and asthma?

A

Because an adverse effects of this drug is bronchospasm since it blocks beta 1 and 2 receptors. (Bronchoconstriction)

26
Q

Which receptors do vasopressors stimulate?

A

All of them

27
Q

How are vasopressors administered?

A

IV for acute life threatening situations

28
Q

What is the action of alpha and beta blockers?

A

Blocks norepinephrine at all alpha and beta receptors in the SNS
Lower BP and HR
Increases renal perfusion and lowers renin

29
Q

What is the action of clonidine?

A

Alpha 2 agonist
Stimulate the alpha 2 receptors in the CNS and inhibits the CV centers, leading to a decrease in sympathetic outflow from the CNS resulting in a drop in BP.

30
Q

Action of alpha 1 blockers

A

“-azosin”
Blocks alpha 1 receptor sites
Decrease in vascular tone resulting in vasodilation
Decrease in bp

31
Q

What is the action of beta blockers?

A

Blocks beta receptors in the heart
Decrease HR and cardia muscle contraction
Vasodilators which increase blood flow to the kidneys leading to a decrease in the release of renin

32
Q

True or false
It is ok to crush or chew your extended release medication

A

FALSE. This could result in toxicity

33
Q

What is a drug drug interaction for calcium channel blockers?

A

cyclosporine and Diltiazem

34
Q

Which blood pressure medication drug would you want to avoid alcohol with? And why?

A

PHENTOLAMINE - Alpha adrenergic blocker
Alcohol is also a vasodilator

35
Q

What does reflex tachycardia mean and what drug is this an adverse effect?

A

Reflex tachycardia is a rapid increase in heart rate that occurs as a compensatory response to a sudden drop in blood pressure. This reflex is the body’s attempt to maintain adequate blood flow and blood pressure, especially to vital organs, when a drop in pressure is sensed. It is a sympathetic system response.
PHENTOLAMINE- alpha adrenergic blocker Alcohol- non selective

36
Q

What is an adverse effect of Nitroprusside?

A

Cyanide toxicity
-pink/cherry-red skin
-Headache
-dizziness
-dyspnea
-Vomiting

37
Q

Which BP medication would you not want to a stop abruptly?

A

Beta blockers

38
Q

What is a drug- drug interaction when taking ACE inhibitors?

A

Allopurinol
Other RAAS drugs
NSAIDS

39
Q

What are drug-drug interactions with beta blockers?

A

Clonidine, NSAIDs, insulin/hypoglycemic agents

40
Q

Why would you want to monitor blood glucose closely in patients taking beta blockers?

A

Close monitoring of blood glucose is recommended in patients taking beta blockers because beta blockers can mask some of the typical symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), such as rapid heart rate, palpitations, and tremors. This is particularly important for patients with diabetes, who are at a higher risk for hypoglycemia, especially if they are on insulin or other glucose-lowering medications.

Beta blockers affect the sympathetic nervous system and may blunt the “adrenergic” warning symptoms of hypoglycemia, making it more difficult for patients to recognize low blood sugar. Additionally, non-selective beta blockers can potentially impair the release of glucose from the liver, which could exacerbate hypoglycemia.

In patients with diabetes or those prone to blood sugar fluctuations, it’s essential to monitor blood glucose levels closely to detect and manage hypoglycemia effectively while on beta blockers.

41
Q

What is a drug-drug interaction when taking non selective adrenergic blocker?

A

DRUG NAME:
Phentolamine
Alcohol, - alcohol has a vasodilation effect which can cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure

42
Q

Why wouldn’t you want to abruptly stop taking beta blockers?

A

Implementation:

Abruptly stopping beta blockers can lead to serious cardiovascular issues because the body may have adapted to their effects. Beta blockers reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac workload by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors. When you stop them suddenly, the body can experience a “rebound” effect, where the heart and blood vessels become overreactive, leading to:

1.	Rebound Tachycardia: A rapid increase in heart rate, which can stress the heart and potentially trigger arrhythmias.
2.	Increased Blood Pressure: Sudden withdrawal can cause a spike in blood pressure (rebound hypertension), increasing the risk of stroke or heart attack, especially in those with hypertension or heart disease.
3.	Angina or Heart Attack: Patients with coronary artery disease are at risk of increased chest pain (angina) or even a heart attack due to the sudden increase in heart workload.

To avoid these risks, doctors typically recommend gradually tapering off beta blockers over days to weeks, allowing the body to adjust slowly and reducing the risk of rebound effects.

43
Q

Why would a patient be prescribed alpha1 blockers?

A

Hypertension
Blocks alpha 1 receptor sites
Decrease vascular tone resulting in vasodilation
Decreases BP

Blood Pressure Agents (2 decks)

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