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Histology > Blood: Plasma > Flashcards

Blood: Plasma Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma is which portion of the blood?

A

Liquid

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2
Q

How much blood volume is made up of plasma?

A

55%

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3
Q

What is usually involved in the process of blood collection?

A

Anticoagulants

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4
Q

Examples of anticoagulants

A
  • EDTA
  • Sodium citrate
  • Heparin
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5
Q

What happens if anticoagulants are not used in the process of blood collection?

A

Blood will clot

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6
Q

Liquid portion extruded from the clot

A

Serum

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7
Q

In the process of blood collection, which formed element will fall to the bottom of the tube or can be spun down in a centrifuge?

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

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8
Q

What is the percentage of packed RBCs called?

A

Hematocrit

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9
Q

Thin layer on top of RBCs in a blood sample

A

Buffy coat

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10
Q

Formed element that forms a buffy coat

A

Leukocyte

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11
Q

How much protein is in plasma

A

7 g/dl

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12
Q

Most common protein in the blood

A

Albumin

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13
Q

How much albumin is in plasma?

A

4 g/dl

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14
Q

Where is albumin manufactured?

A

Hepatocytes

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15
Q

What is albumin responsible in maintaining?

A

Colloid osmotic pressure of blood (therefore important in fluid balance)

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16
Q

What do alpha and beta globulins transport?

A
  • Metal ions
  • Steroid hormones
  • Lipid transport
17
Q

What produces gamma-immunoglobulins?

A

Plasma cells

18
Q

Gamma-immunoglobulins are activated and differentiated _____

A

B lymphocytes

19
Q

Types of gamma-immunoglobulins

A
  • IgG
  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgE
  • IgD

Remember: GAMED (seriously, what idiot came up with G-MADE?)

20
Q

Predominant immunoglobulin in the plasma

A

IgG

21
Q

Immunoglobulin found in all body secretions

A

IgA

22
Q

Immunoglobulin produced in primary exposure to an antigen

A

IgM

23
Q

Immunoglobulin produced in response to allergic reactions, and parasite infections

A

IgE

24
Q

Immunoglobulin that is a receptor on B lymphocytes

A

IgD

25
Q

Clotting factors such as ____ and _____ are primarily produced in _____

A

Clotting factors:
- Fibrinogen
- Prothrombin

Produces clotting factors:
- Hepatocytes

26
Q

Involved in defense and inflammatory reactions

A

Complement proteins

27
Q

Steps involved in complement proteins

A
  • Opsinization
  • Inflammation
  • Lysis
28
Q

Carries cholesterol

A

Lipoproteins

29
Q

Enzyme involved in the protein portion of plasma

A

Transferrin

30
Q

Ionic components of plasma

A
  • Electrolytes
  • Compounds involved in acid-base balance
31
Q

Hormones/vitamins/nutrient components of plasma

A
  • Glucose
  • AAs
32
Q

Where is urea formed?

A

Liver

33
Q

How is urea formed?

A

Amino acid:
- Transamination
- Deamination

34
Q

Metabolite of nucleic acids

A

Uric acid

35
Q

Released from muscles as the end product of creatine phosphate?

A

Creatinine

Note: NOT creatine

Histology (18 decks)

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