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ANATOMY 2 > BLOOD, HEMOSTASIS, AND BLOOD GROUP > Flashcards

BLOOD, HEMOSTASIS, AND BLOOD GROUP Flashcards

1
Q

-Distribution of gases nutrients, metabolic and metabolic waste
-Hormone transport
-Regulates body temperature
-Regulates body PH (7.35 to 7.45)
-Protection against infections(WBC)
-Cell formation

A

BODY FUNCTION

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2
Q

-The more oxygen we have the more brighter our blood is
-The less oxygen we have the darker our blood

A

BLOOD

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3
Q

-Liquid part of our blood
-55% of our blood volume

A

PLASMA

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4
Q

-Red blood cells
-White blood cells
-Platelets

A

FORMED ELEMENT

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5
Q

-Consist of 99% water
-The water will act as a solvent for other substances
-Proteins are the majority of the other substances

A

BLOOD PLASMA (1)

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6
Q

-Blood plasma 55%
-Buffy coat less than 1%
-Red blood cells 45%

A

BLOOD PLASMA (2)

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7
Q

.Men 47 (+/- 5%)
.Women 42 (+/- 5%)
-The higher the value, the higher the viscosity

A

BLOOD VISCOSITY NORMAL VALUE
VISCOSITY=THICK

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8
Q

-Percentage of the blood that consist of erythrocytes

A

HEMOCRIT same as (HEMATOCRIT)

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9
Q

-Occurs in red bone marrow and it is the formation of all formed elements
-All formed elements start as stem cells (hemocytoblast)

A

BLOOD CELL FORMATION
-HEMOPOIESIS/HEMATOPOIESIS

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10
Q

-Is driven by the influence of hormone and growth depending on the needs of the body

A

PROCESS OF HEMOPOIESIS/HEMATOPOIESIS

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11
Q

-Live for 100 to 200
-Constantly reproducing them
-Most numerous cells of blood
-The red color comes from protein (Hemoglobin)
-No molecules or mitochondria cannot use the oxygen to generate ATP

A

ERYTHROCYTES=RED BLOOD CELLS

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12
Q

-The stem cells transforms into a proerythroblast
-Develops into a erythroblast
-Develops further into a reticulocyte (which can already transport O2)

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

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13
Q

Immature red blood cells

A

RETICULOCYTE

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14
Q

Mature red blood cells

A

ERYTHROCYTE

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15
Q

Transport of oxygen from lungs to the tissue and is dependent on hemoglobin

A

ERYTHROCYTES MAIN FUNCTION

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16
Q

-Men 16(+/-2)
-Women 14(+/-2)
-Globin=protein, Hemo= one atom of iron

A

HEMOGLOBIN NORMAL VALUE

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17
Q

In order to be fully oxygenated we need…..

A

4 MOLECULES

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18
Q

The graveyard to the RBCs

A

SPLEEN

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19
Q

-Oxygen deficiency in tissues
-There are receptors in the kidneys and liver that can sense it

A

HYPOXIA

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20
Q

Stimulate the red bone marrow to produce more

A

SECRETE ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO)

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21
Q

Can increase EPO production

A

TESTOSTERONE

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22
Q

Blood low amount of RBCs

A

ANEMIA

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23
Q

-WBCs=defense
-Can leave capillaries via diapesis

A

Leukocytes

24
Q

-Normal value: 5,000 to 10,800

A

LEUKOCYTES NORMAL VALUE

25
Q

-WBCs formation
-Originates from hemocytoblast in the bone marrow

A

LEUKOPOIEIS

26
Q

-WBC count over 11,000/mm3
- Normal response to bacterial or viral invasion

A

LEUCOCYTOSIS

27
Q

-Chemical messengers that stimulate the formation and release of these
specific leukocytes

A

Interleukins (Ils) and Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)

28
Q

-End in phils
-Larger and shorter-lived than RBCs

A

GRANULOCYTE

28
Q

-Lack of visible cytoplasmic granules
-Have spherical or kidney-shaped nuclei

A

AGRANULOCYTE

29
Q

Neutrophils
lymphocytes
Monocytes
eosinophils
basophils

A

60 NEVER
30 LET
8 MY
2 ENGINE
0 BLOW

30
Q

-Most numerous WBCs
-Refers to the fact that the nuclei have many different shapes
-Give the cytoplasm a lilac color
-Very phagocytic — “bacteria slayers”

A

NEUTROPHILS

31
Q

-Red-staining, bi-lobed nuclei
-Digest parasites that are too large to be phagocytized
-Modulators of the immune response” – regulate the effects of
histamine

A

Eosinophils

32
Q

-Rarest WBCs
-Large, purplish-black (basophilic) granules contain histamine

A

Basophils

33
Q

-Inflammatory chemical that acts as a vasodilator and attracts other WBCs to
inflamed site

A

Histamine

34
Q

-Large, dark-purple, circular nuclei with a thin rim of blue
cytoplasm

A

Lymphocytes

35
Q

-The largest leukocytes
-Activate lymphocytes to mount an immune response

A

Monocytes

36
Q
  • Effective against:
     Viruses
     Intracellular bacteria
     Chronic infections
A

Macrophage

37
Q

-Begins when injury occurs to the blood vessel, which leads to damage to the endothelium

A

Hemostasis

37
Q

-Also known as thrombocytes
-These play a major role in hemostasis
-These are regulated by thrombopoietin

A

Platelets

37
Q

-Leukopenia
-Leukemia: immature WBCs in the blood

A

Problems with leukocytes

38
Q
  1. Vascular spasm
  2. Formation of platelet plug
  3. Coagulation of blood
A

3 Stages of Hemostasis

39
Q

-slow it down does not completely stop it

A

Vascular spasm

40
Q

-Naturally sticky
-Exposed collagen at the site of injury

A

Formation of
Platelet plug

41
Q

-Set of reactions that will finalize the network that gets laid down to completely finish hemostasis and it will form a “blood clot”

A

Coagulation (clotting)

42
Q

-fast
-tissue trauma
-activated by platelets
Triggered by the release of tissue

A

-Extrinsic

43
Q

-more pathway, more detail
-blood trauma

A

intrinsic

44
Q

-Thrombus
-Embolus
-Embolism
-Hemophilia
-Hepatitis

A

Disorders of Hemostasis
(Thromboembolic disorders)

45
Q

clot formed in an unbroken vessel

A

Thrombus

46
Q

if a piece of clot breaks off

A

Embolus

47
Q

if the piece is lodged in an artery

A

Embolism

48
Q

-A
-B
-AB
-O

A

4 TYPES OF BLOOD GROUPS

49
Q

-Universal donors can donate to anybody

A

O

50
Q

-Universal recipient can receive from anybody

A

AB

51
Q

-Immune serum that prevents a mother’s blood from becoming sensitized to foreign antibodies from her fetus

A

RHOGAM

51
Q

There are many antigens to this system but only three are common (C, D and
E)
- Only D is of clinical importance
- Rh+ or Rh-

A

RH FACTOR

ANATOMY 2 (10 decks)

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