Blood Groups Flashcards
What is used to supplement blood?
Crystalloid solutions (glucose-saline)
Blood plasma (severe burns)
Whole blood (blood loss)
What occurs when an incorrect blood transfusion occurs?
RBC’s from donor agglutinate and haemolyse which blocks blood flow in capillaries. Haemoglobin also interrupts with kidney fucntion.
What is hemopure and how is it sourced?
It is sourced from bovine blood, it is suitable for all blood types and patients that object to blood transfusions. It carries oxygen outside of RBC’s.
What is erythroblastosis foetalis ?
Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh
incompatibility
This condition presents when the father and
child are Rh+ and the mother Rh^-
What are clinical syndromes of erythroblastosis ?
Icterus gravis neonatorum:
Haemolytic jaundice, anaemia
↑ reticulocyte count and presence of erythroblasts
Kernicterus:
The newborn baby has a low bilirubin binding capacity
(low albumin levels)
→ unconjugated bile pigments may pass into brain of the
baby (blood-brain barrier not functional yet)
→ deposit of bile pigments in basalganglia
→ impairment of motoric function
Treatments of erythroblastosis
Prevent mother from producing anti RH antibodies.
The mother is given a serum containing anti RH antibodies within 3 days which interfere with her reaction to infants RH+ cells
Successive withdrawal of small quantities of blood and replacement by equal volumes of compatible RH- blood which removes doomed RBC’s and most antibodies