Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IMS- Strand 4 > Blood function > Flashcards

Blood function Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 key functions of the blood?

A

Transport
Regulation
Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 features of transport?

A
  • Respiration
  • Nutrient carrier from GIT
  • Transportation of hormones form endocrine gland
  • Transport of metabolic waste
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 features of regulation?

A
  • Regulation of pH
  • Regulation and maintenance of body temperature
  • Maintenance of cells’ water content
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 features of Protection?

A
  • WBC protect against disease by phagocytosis
  • Reservoir for substances such as water, electrolytes, etc
  • Haemostasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the composition of blood?

A

Plasma (55%)
Buffy coat- leukocytes and platelets (<1% of whole blood)
Erythrocytes (45% of whole blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is whole blood?

A
  • Slightly alkaline (pH- 7.35-7.45)
  • 8% of body weight
  • 5x more viscous than water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is plasma?

A
  • Straw coloured and sticky
  • 55% of bodies total blood volume
  • 90% water
  • Solutes include proteins and non-proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the composition of plasma?

A
  • Albumin (60%)
  • Globulins (35%)
  • Fibrinogen (4%)
  • Other (<1%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features of albumin?

A
  • Globular protein
  • Synthesised in liver
  • Plasma conc of 35-50mg/mL
  • 19 day half life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of albumin?

A
  • Maintains oncotic pressure
  • Controls pH
  • Binding and transport- hormones, nutrients, metal ions, drugs, etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a1 globulin?

A

a1- antitrypsin
Important in inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a2 globulin?

A

Example= hepatoglobin, facilitates Hb clearance
a2- macroglobin, antiprotease binds to cytokines & GF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is b-globin?

A

Example: transferrin, iron binding & transport
Plasminogen pre-cursor of plasmin & WBC migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is y- globin?

A

IgG (75%), IgA (15%), IgM (10%), IgD (0.2%), IgE (0.002%) fight off infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Fibrinogen?

A

2nd Haemostasis, wound healing, inflammation, forms fibrin fibres- used for blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the other <1%?

A
  • Coagulation factors & inhibitors
  • Electrolytes
  • Nutrients
  • Hormones
17
Q

What are Leukocytes?

A

White blood cells

18
Q

What are Erythrocytes?

A

RBC

19
Q

What are Thrombocytes?

A

Platelets

20
Q

What do Haematopoietic stem cells form?

A

Common myeloid progenitor
OR
Common lymphoid progenitor

21
Q

What do common myeloid progenitors form?

A

Erythrocytes
Mks= platelets
Myeloblasts

22
Q

What do myeloblasts form?

A

Basophil
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte

23
Q

What does common lymphoid progenitor form?

A

Lymphoblast

24
Q

What does a lymphoblast form?

A

T or B lymphocyte

25
Q

What are agglutinogens?

A

Antigens
Specific proteins located on RBC wall- basis for blood group classification

26
Q

What are Agglutinins?

A

Antibodies
Plasma antibodies that act against agglutinogens not present on a persons own RBC

27
Q

What is the universal recipient?

A

AB+

28
Q

What is the universal donor?

A

O-

29
Q

what is Rhesus (Rh) blood group

A
  • Based on ion- channel antigen on RBC membrane
  • Rh- more common in the west (15%) than in Asia or Africa (1%)
30
Q

What is the humoral reaction to Transfusions?

A

Blood from type A donor
Type B recipient
Donor RBCs agglutinated by recipient plasma
Agglutinated RBCs block small vessels

31
Q

What is the cellular reaction to Transfusion?

A

Immune cells

32
Q

What is the Haemolytic disease of the Newborn (HDN)

A

First pregnancy= Protected by the placenta blood barrier, mother not exposed to Rh agglutinogens until the time of childbirth
Second pregnancy= Antibodies cross barrier, child born with severe anemia

33
Q

What is the treatment for HDN?

A

Use anti- Rh gamma globulin to mask Rh agglutinogens

34
Q

What is Primary Haemostasis?

A

-Damage to blood vessel wall
- Vasoconstriction
- Platelet adhesion & activation
- Granule release- increase conc of platelet activators, coagulation factors, vasoconstrictors
- Platelet plug formed

35
Q

What is secondary Haemostasis?

A

damage to blood vessel wall
formation of “sticky” platelet plug
formation of insoluble fibrin clot

36
Q

What is the activation of coagulation?

A

Intrinsic pathway FXII
Extrinsic pathway FVII
Common pathway FX
Fibrinogen- Fibrin
Crosslinking formed

37
Q

Where does anticoagulation act?

A

Intrinsic pathway & Common pathway

38
Q

Where does Fibrinolysis (plasmin) occur?

A

Fibrin

39
Q

What is TXA?

A

Fibrinolysis inhibitor
Stops breakdown of fibrin fibres
Stops rapid bleeding

IMS- Strand 4 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions