Blood Coagulation

Question 1

Three things relevant in blood coagulation

Answer 1

• Vasoconstriction
• Platelet aggregation
• Clotting cascade

Question 2

Two important anti platelet agents

Answer 2

• Nitric oxide

- Prostacyclin

Question 3

Anticoagulants are

Answer 3

• Heperin

- Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Question 4

Explain what happens to form a clot when the endothelium is broken

Answer 4

• Collegen is exposed
• They degenerate and secrete ADP and Thromboxane A2
• ADP and Thromboxane A2 recruit more platelets to the area, which they adhere to the college
• A 2nd layer of these chemicals form the same reaction and this is when the platelet plug is formed
• Intrinsic pathway to clotting is now activated
• Common pathway forms the Fibren to bind it all together

Question 5

What do endothelium cells secrete to keep them from clotting unnecessary

Answer 5

• Prostacyclin
• Nitric Oxide

Both of these act as vasodilators and inhibit platelet aggregation

Question 6

Three parts to the Clotting Cascade are

Answer 6

• Extrinsic Pathway
  Tissue factor, 7, 10
• Intrinsic Pathway
  12, 11, 9, 10
• Common Pathway
  PROTHROMBIN - THROMBIN
  FIBRINOGEN - FIBRIN

Question 7

Name the Factors in clotting cascade

12, 11, 9, 7, 13, 10

Answer 7

12 - HAGEMAN FACTOR
11 - PLASMA THROMBOPLASTIN
9 - CHRISTMAS FACTOR
7 - STABLE FACTOR
13 - FIBRIN STABILISING FACTOR
10 - STUART POWER FACTOR

Question 8

What do healthy endothelium cells do

Answer 8

• Type of epithelium that lies on the inferior surface of the blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

They have

• Antiplatelets
  Nitric Oxide
  Proscycin
• Antithrombotic
• Anti Coagulation
  Hepanin Sulphate
  Tissue Plasminogin Activator (TPA)