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Biochemistry Theory Semester 1 > Blood Clotting > Flashcards

Blood Clotting Flashcards

1
Q

Front

A

Back

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2
Q

Which pathway is overactivated in Factor V Leiden mutation as shown in the diagram?
[Insert diagram showing protein C resistance]

A

A. Protein C–S pathway
B. Extrinsic pathway
C. Plasminogen activation pathway
D. Platelet activation pathway
Correct Answer: A

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3
Q

In this diagram, which step is blocked by warfarin?
[Insert vitamin K recycling and gamma-carboxylation pathway]

A

A. Fibrin polymerization
B. Activation of thrombin
C. Epoxide reductase inhibition
D. Plasmin activation
Correct Answer: C

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4
Q

Which mutation site leads to protein C resistance?
[Insert diagram showing Factor V mutation]

A

A. Factor IXa binding site
B. Factor Va cleavage site
C. Prothrombin binding site
D. Calcium binding site
Correct Answer: B

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5
Q

Which enzyme in the diagram regulates fibrinolysis by inhibiting plasmin?
[Insert diagram with α2-antiplasmin labeled]

A

A. Heparin
B. Streptokinase
C. α2-antiplasmin
D. Urokinase
Correct Answer: C

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6
Q

What process is inhibited by TAFI in the diagram?
[Insert diagram of clot stabilization showing TAFI action]

A

A. Clot formation
B. Plasmin formation
C. Fibrin cross-linking
D. Fibrinolysis
Correct Answer: D

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Factor XIIIa?

A

A. Degrades fibrin
B. Cross-links fibrin
C. Inhibits thrombin
D. Activates plasminogen
Correct Answer: B

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8
Q

Which protein is mutated in Haemophilia B?

A

A. Factor VII
B. Factor IX
C. Factor X
D. Factor VIII
Correct Answer: B

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9
Q

What is the role of TAFI (Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor)?

A

A. Inhibits clotting
B. Inhibits thrombin
C. Inhibits fibrinolysis
D. Enhances protein C
Correct Answer: C

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10
Q

Which factor is NOT dependent on vitamin K for synthesis?

A

A. Factor II
B. Factor VII
C. Factor IX
D. Factor VIII
Correct Answer: D

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11
Q

What is the effect of thrombomodulin binding to thrombin?

A

A. Enhances thrombin’s clotting activity
B. Inhibits thrombin’s activity
C. Switches thrombin to an anticoagulant role
D. Activates fibrin polymerization
Correct Answer: C

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12
Q

Factor VIII is stabilized in circulation by von Willebrand factor.

A

True

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13
Q

Warfarin acts as a direct thrombin inhibitor.

A

False

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14
Q

TAFI activation reduces fibrinolysis.

A

True

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15
Q

Protein C deficiency can result in hypercoagulability.

A

True

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16
Q

Factor V Leiden is more susceptible to degradation by Protein C.

A

False

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17
Q

Urokinase is a naturally occurring fibrinolytic agent.

A

True

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18
Q

Thrombomodulin is a cofactor for plasminogen activation.

A

False

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19
Q

Factor XIII deficiency leads to delayed bleeding despite normal clot formation.

A

True

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20
Q

Heparin is a vitamin K antagonist.

A

False

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21
Q

α2-antiplasmin deficiency results in increased clot stability.

A

False

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22
Q

Front

A

Back

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23
Q

Which labeled inhibitor in the diagram enhances the activity of Antithrombin III?
[Insert clotting inhibition pathway with heparin labeled]

A

A. Protein C
B. Thrombomodulin
C. Heparin
D. Plasmin
Correct Answer: C

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24
Q

Which pathway is initiated by tissue factor as shown in the diagram?
[Insert labeled clotting cascade with tissue factor]

A

A. Intrinsic pathway
B. Extrinsic pathway
C. Common pathway
D. Fibrinolytic pathway
Correct Answer: B

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25
Q

In the diagram, which factor acts as a cofactor for the activation of Factor X?
[Insert clotting cascade with VIIIa and IXa]

A

A. Factor V
B. Factor VIIa
C. Factor VIIIa
D. Factor XIIIa
Correct Answer: C

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26
Q

Which labeled agent converts plasminogen to plasmin in the diagram?
[Insert diagram of fibrinolysis process]

A

A. Warfarin
B. TPA
C. Factor XIII
D. Protein C
Correct Answer: B

27
Q

What outcome is shown resulting from fibrin cross-linking by Factor XIIIa?
[Insert image showing stable fibrin mesh]

A

A. Clot degradation
B. Platelet activation
C. Clot stabilization
D. Inhibition of thrombin
Correct Answer: C

28
Q

What is the primary action of warfarin in clotting regulation?

A

A. Inhibits plasminogen
B. Inhibits vitamin K recycling
C. Activates thrombin
D. Enhances fibrin formation
Correct Answer: B

29
Q

Which protein complex inactivates Factors Va and VIIIa?

A

A. Plasmin–plasminogen complex
B. Heparin–ATIII complex
C. Protein C–Protein S complex
D. TPA–plasmin complex
Correct Answer: C

30
Q

Which clotting factor is activated by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways?

A

A. Factor VII
B. Factor X
C. Factor V
D. Factor XIII
Correct Answer: B

31
Q

What does plasmin specifically degrade?

A

A. Fibrin
B. Thrombin
C. Prothrombin
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: A

32
Q

Which drug activates plasminogen to break down clots?

A

A. Warfarin
B. Streptokinase
C. Heparin
D. Aspirin
Correct Answer: B

33
Q

Factor X is part of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

34
Q

Antithrombin III promotes fibrin formation.

35
Q

Protein C requires thrombin for its activation.

36
Q

Fibrinolysis is activated before clot formation is complete.

37
Q

TPA is a natural fibrinolytic agent.

38
Q

Warfarin inhibits thrombin directly.

39
Q

Heparin enhances the activity of Antithrombin III.

40
Q

Factor V is a vitamin K–dependent factor.

41
Q

Protein C acts independently without Protein S.

42
Q

Streptokinase dissolves clots by activating plasminogen.

43
Q

Front

44
Q

Which structure in the diagram represents the site of fibrin formation?
[Insert diagram of clotting cascade with thrombin and fibrin pathways]

A

A. Prothrombin
B. Thrombin
C. Fibrinogen
D. Fibrin
Correct Answer: D

45
Q

What enzyme is labeled that cross-links fibrin to stabilize the clot?
[Insert diagram with Factor XIIIa and fibrin strands]

A

A. Factor XII
B. Factor XIIIa
C. Thrombin
D. Plasmin
Correct Answer: B

46
Q

Which factor is shown initiating the extrinsic pathway in the diagram?
[Insert clotting cascade with tissue factor labeled]

A

A. Factor IX
B. Factor VIII
C. Tissue Factor (III)
D. Factor X
Correct Answer: C

47
Q

What step is represented by the arrow from fibrinogen to fibrin?
[Insert coagulation cascade diagram]

A

A. Activation by calcium
B. Cleavage by thrombin
C. Binding by vitamin K
D. Cross-linking by TPA
Correct Answer: B

48
Q

What is being inhibited in the diagram by heparin binding to ATIII?
[Insert pathway showing thrombin inhibition]

A

A. Fibrin
B. Thrombin
C. Plasmin
D. Factor XIIIa
Correct Answer: B

49
Q

What is the inactive precursor of thrombin?

A

A. Fibrin
B. Factor VII
C. Prothrombin
D. Plasminogen
Correct Answer: C

50
Q

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors?

A

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: D

51
Q

Which factor initiates the intrinsic pathway?

A

A. Factor XII
B. Factor X
C. Factor VII
D. Factor V
Correct Answer: A

52
Q

Which of these is a fibrinolytic agent?

A

A. Aspirin
B. Heparin
C. Streptokinase
D. Warfarin
Correct Answer: C

53
Q

Which clotting factor is deficient in Haemophilia A?

A

A. Factor VIII
B. Factor IX
C. Factor X
D. Factor VII
Correct Answer: A

54
Q

Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

55
Q

Vitamin K is required for the activation of plasmin.

56
Q

Fibrin stabilizes blood clots.

57
Q

Aspirin is a clotting factor.

58
Q

TPA helps dissolve blood clots.

59
Q

Factor XIII is involved in cross-linking fibrin.

60
Q

Plasmin degrades fibrin clots.

61
Q

Calcium ions are not involved in blood clotting.

62
Q

Warfarin acts by inhibiting vitamin K recycling.

63
Q

Prothrombin is the same as plasminogen.

Biochemistry Theory Semester 1 (12 decks)

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