BLOOD CELLS RAAAAA Flashcards
Functions of blood cells
Transport nutrients/gases/wastes
Transport molecules
Regulate body PH as a buffer
Maintain body temp
Protect for foreign objects
Form clots
3 major components of blood
RBCs, WBCs, platelets
3 plasma proteins and functions
Albumin - maintains osmotic pressure (transport of things going in and out)
Globulins - immune function
Fibrinogen - blood clotting
Hematopoiesis
Blood cell production
In fetus - takes place in liver, spleen, red bone marrow
In adult - just red bone marrow
Red/Yellow Marrow
Young children almost all bone marrow is red
Adults bone marrow mostly yellow except for in ribs, sternum, vertebrae, pelvis, proximal femur and humerus.
Structure and functions of RBCs
Biconcave disc so it can increase surface area to bind more molecules to it and fit through vessels
No nucleus
Transport O2 from lungs to body
Transport CO2 from body back to lungs
Life span 120 days male 110 female
Erythropoiesis
process of making RBCs
Hemoglobin
Red pigment and main component of RBC
4 polypeptide chains called globins
4 heme groups containing 1 iron
4 O2 molecules per hemoglobin makes oxyhemoglobin
Without CO2 is Deoxyhemoglobin
CO2 attached to global called carboninohemoglobin
WBCs
No hemoglobin
Has nucleus and can undergo mitosis
Protections and immune support
Diapedesis
WBC leaves the blood
Pus
Accumulation of dead WBCs
Neutrophil
Phagocytize bacteria and foreign matter
Most Abundant
Granulocyte
Basophils
Release histamine in an allergic reaction to increase inflammation ( causes swelling )
Granulocyte
Eosinophils
During an allergic reaction produces enzymes that destroy histamine (inflammatory chemical) to bring down the swelling
Granulocyte
Lymphocytes
Immunity ; T and B cells
Lives in lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, etc.
Agranulocyte (can leave blood to fight bad guys, lives where needed)
Monocytes
Called macrophages that phagocytize bacteria and dead cells
Agranulocyte (can leave blood to fight bad guys, lives where needed)
Platelets
Sticky
Platelet homeostasiis
- vascular spasm ; walls of vessels contract to make thinner
- platelet plug formation ; platelet binds to collagen sticking out from tear
- Coagulation ; blood clot w/ a large tear
Blood grouping
Antigen on RBC (Ag) - lock and key
Antibody in plasma/blood (Ab) -Lock and key
Agglutination - clumping of blood when Ag and Ab bind
Type A blood= A Ag (anti-B Ab)
Type B blood= B Ag (anti-A Ab)
Type AB blood= A and B Ag’s (niether Ab’s)
Type O blood= no Ag’s (both Ab’s)
O is universal donor because no Ag’s
AB is universal recipient because no Ab’s
