Blood Bank Flashcards
In the United States, the volume of blood collected during routine phlebotomy is …
In the United States, the volume of blood collected during routine phlebotomy is either 450 mL ± 10% (405 to 495 mL) or 500 mL ± 10% (450 to 550 mL).
What volumes necessitate a new label of RBC low volume?
If 300 to 404 mL of whole blood is collected into an anticoagulant volume intended for 450 ± 10%
**333 to 449 mL of whole blood is collected into an anticoagulant volume intended for 500 mL ± 10%,
***RBCs prepared from the unit should be labeled “Red Blood Cells Low Volume.”
What happens if the blood volume collected is less than 300mL?
If the collection volume is less than 300 mL, the amount of anticoagulant must be proportionally decreased.
What platelet count is needed for platelet donation?
To prevent a post-donation platelet count below 100,000/μL, a plateletpheresis donor is deferred from future donations until a platelet count of 150,000/μL is achieved.
Deferral period for warfarin
Donors who have been taking warfarin are eligible to donate 7 days after their last dose.
Reasons for FOREVER deferral from donation
Reasons for indefinite deferral:
-History of viral hepatitis after the 11th birthday
-Repeatedly reactive test for anti-HBc on more than one occasion
-Repeatedly reactive test for HTLV on more than one occasion
-Present or past clinical laboratory evidence of infection with HIV, hepatitis C virus, or HTLV
-History of babesiosis or Chagas disease
-Evidence or obvious signs of parenteral drug abuse
-Administration of nonprescription drugs using a needle
-Risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (as defined in most recent FDA guidance)
Reasons for a 3 year deferral from donation
Reasons for a 3-year deferral include (think malaria)
* diagnosis of malaria (3 years after becoming asymptomatic)
*living for at least 5 years in a malaria-endemic area (3 years after departure from area).
Reasons for a 12 month deferral
Reasons for a 12-month deferral:
-Travel to an area where malaria is endemic
-Exposure to blood via mucous membranes
-Penetration of skin with instrument/object contaminated with blood or body fluids that is not from the donor (includes tattoos or permanent make-up unless applied by a state-regulated entity with sterile needles and ink that has not been reused)
-Sexual contact or lived with an individual who has acute or chronic hepatitis B; has symptomatic hepatitis C; or is symptomatic for any other viral hepatitis
-Sexual contact with an individual with HIV infection or who is at high risk of HIV infection
-Incarceration in a correctional institution for more than 72 consecutive hours
-Diagnosis of syphilis or gonorrhea (must have completed treatment)
-Reactive screening test positive for syphilis and no confirmatory test was performed
-Confirmed positive test for syphilis
How long does incarceration need to occur before deferral
72 hours
*overnight is fine
Whole blood donation interval
The whole blood (WB) donation interval is 8 weeks (56 days)
How often can you donate platelets?
After 2 days (but certain number per week overall)
*WB donors need only wait 2 days after plateletpheresis
*but WB donation is 8 weeks, no matter what you want to donate
you do NOT need to defer for which vaccines?
toxoids; synthetic or killed viral, bacterial, or rickettsial vaccines (includes hepatitis B vaccine); recombinant vaccines; and intranasal live attenuated flu vaccine.
deferral period after receipt of live attenuated viral and bacterial vaccines for measles (rubeola), mumps, polio (Sabin/oral), typhoid (oral), and yellow fever is…
2 weeks
defer for two weeks after…
deferral period after receipt of live attenuated viral and bacterial vaccines for measles (rubeola), mumps, polio (Sabin/oral), typhoid (oral), and yellow fever is 2 weeks.
Which vaccines require a 4 week deferral
The deferral period after receipt of live attenuated viral and bacterial vaccines for German measles (rubella) and chickenpox (varicella zoster) is 4 weeks.
How many days before a surgery is autologous donation needed?
Three days
*this is the anticipated time of transfusion for autologous donation as defined by the AABB standards.
*The autologous donor should have hemoglobin 11 g/dL or greater or hematocrit 33% or greater.
*An autologous donor should be deferred if he or she has a medical condition for which there is a risk of bacteremia.
deferral period following 2-U RBC apheresis donation
112 days
Infectious disease testing for blood components
All allogeneic blood donations are tested for:
*HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B virus core (HBc) antibody, HBV DNA,
*anti-hepatitis C virus antibody, hepatitis C virus RNA,
*anti-HIV-1/2, HIV-1 RNA,
*anti-human T lymphocyte virus (HTLV) I/II antibody,
*a serologic test for syphilis
*West Nile virus RNA.
Is product testing for babesia required?
*no, but it’s common in regions like ours
*There is an FDA-approved test to detect Babesia in blood donors. Current FDA recommendations call for regional testing or pathogen reduction (for those products where licensed devices are available) in the 15 recognized Babesia-risk states. Potential blood donors who have a history of Babesia infection are indefinitely deferred from blood donation.
What’s the homozygous rule out exception?
Kell (you can rule out a heterozygous)
Most common haplotypes White
R1,r,R2,Ro
Most common haplotypes Black
Ro,r,R1,R2
Dolichos Biflorus
Dolichos Biflorus: A1
Plant thing that will kill A1
Dolichos Biflorus: A1
Ulex europaeus:
Ulex europaeus: H
Plant thing that kills H antigen
Ulex europaeus: H
