Blood And Lymph

Question 0

Nursing interventions for lymph edema?

Answer 0

Elevate extremity above heart level, limit sodium, no tight clothes, prevent infection, diuretics, emotional support. ( no blood draws and b/p on extremity)

Question 1

What’s Lymphedema?

Answer 1

Accumulation of lymph in soft tissue, can be caused by a damaged lymphatic system (value).

Question 2

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia

Answer 2

Low platelet count for unknown reason.

Question 3

Nursing considerations of idiopathic thrombocytopenia.

Answer 3

Monitor signs of bleeding ( petechia, ecchymosis, nose/stool/vomit bleeds )

Question 4

Hodgkin’s disease (enlargement of lymph nodes)

Answer 4

Cancer of lymphoid tissue

Question 5

Complications of Hodgkin’s disease

Answer 5

Airway (hear strider) , fever, night sweats, weight loss

Tx: chemo and radiation

Question 6

Nursing care after a bone marrow biopsy

Answer 6

Pressure for 10min and monitor for hematoma, bleeding and edema

Question 7

Side effects of chemotherapy

Answer 7

Weight loss, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, anorexia, bone marrow depression - low WBC (infection) - low RBC (anemia) - low platelets (bleeding)

Question 8

Nursing care for irritated mouth

Answer 8

Stomatitis- oral car- mouth swabs and soft foods

Question 9

Interventions to help patient with fatigue

Answer 9

Problem for people with anemia and chemo.
Rest, short periods of activity and activity
Goal- increase activity

Question 10

S/S hemophilia

Answer 10

Bleeding, bruising, joint bleeds- hemoarthrosis- joint deformities- limited movement

Question 11

Hemophilia

Answer 11

Certain coagulation factor is missing -lack of factor 8

Question 12

Polycythemia

Answer 12

Too many red blood cells - thick blood - risk for blood clot (cause lack do o2)

Question 13

Nursing interventions for polycythemia

Answer 13

Hydration (3-6liters of water within 24hrs) and anticoagulants
*need hemocrite blood test or complete blood count

Question 14

S/S anemia

Answer 14

Fatigue, irritable, pale, SOB, activity intolerance,

*need hemoglobin, hemocrite, RBC test

Question 15

Nutrient deficiencies that causes anemia

Answer 15

Iron, B12 and folic acid

Question 16

What do you need to monitor during a blood transfusion

Answer 16

*Allergic reaction (itching, rash, hives)
If reaction occurs, stop transfusion and notify nurse and doctor.
*Monitor vitals before/during/after

Question 17

Leukemia

Answer 17

A lot of white blood cells but immature - risk for infection

Question 18

Nursing considerations for someone with leukemia

Answer 18

Reverse isolation, protect patient, hand washing and monitor for bleeding or infection

Question 19

Purpura

Answer 19

Purple spots under skin (bigger than petechia)
It’s a hemorrhage in skin (mouth, brain, organs)
*from thrombocytopenia , hemophilia and any bleeding disorders

Question 20

Precautions taken with patient at risk for bleeding

Answer 20

No injections , avoid IM , if needed use SQ with small needle

Question 21

Pernicious anemia

Answer 21

(Large immature cells) lack of intrinsic factor in stomach lining - prevents absorption of B12

Question 22

Side effects of pernicious anemia

Answer 22

(Nervous system issues) numbness and tingling

Question 23

Sickle cell crisis (African Americans)

Answer 23

RBC has low o2 (abnormal hemoglobin)
Cells clump together -block blood flow
-sickles when have lack of o2 and hydration

Question 24

Treatment for sickle cell anemia

Answer 24

O2 , hydration and analgesics

May have anemia

Question 25

Nursing care after a splenectomy (enlargement of spleen)

Answer 25

Assess for bleeding, hematoma and infection.

• abdominal distention is a sign of internal bleeding.
• fever is common after splenectomy

Question 26

Multiple myeloma

Answer 26

Cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow

Question 27

S/S multiple myeloma

Answer 27

Headache, bone pain, pathological fractures, anemia, skeletal deformities

Question 28

Thrombophlebitis

Answer 28

Blood clot in vein (DVT)

Causes inflammation in vein (swollen, red, warm, shiny, tender)

Question 29

Treatments and preventions of thrombophlebitis

Answer 29

Tx: anticoagulants and bed rest
Preventions: elevate leg, warm packs, ambulation, ted hose, hydration and exercise