Blood and Immune System (Chapter 9)

Question 1

mononucleosis

Answer 1

increase of mononuclear leukocytes with symptoms of fever, enlarged cervical lymph nodes, and fatigue

Question 2

neutrophil

Answer 2

type of granulocyte that fights against bacterial infections; stains a neutral pink; 60-70% of circulating WBCs

Question 3

eosinophil

Answer 3

type of granulocyte that functions in allergic reactions and against parasites; stains red; 2-4% of circulating WBCs

Question 4

basophil

Answer 4

type of granulocyte that releases histamine in allergic reactions and inflammatory responses; stains a dark blue with a basic dye; 0.5-1.0% pf circulating WBCs

Question 5

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Answer 5

disorder resulting from platelet destruction by macrophages characterized by bruising and bleeding from mucous membranes

Question 6

monocyte

Answer 6

largest type of white blood cell, 3-8% of circulating WBCs

Question 7

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 7

autoimmune desease causing progressive destructive changes and inflammation in multiple joints, especially in the hands and feet

Question 8

von Willebrand diease (vWD)

Answer 8

bleeding disorder characterized by a tendency to bleed primarily from the mucous membranes due to a deficiency of a clotting factor

Question 9

pernicious anemia

Answer 9

disorder in which the number of red blood cells decreases with simultaneous enlargement of individual cells (i.e. macrocytes) due to an inability to absorb vitamin B12, usually in older adults

Question 10

aplastic anemia

Answer 10

disorder in which the bone marrow does not produce enough red blood cells

Question 11

hemorrhagic anemia, blood loss anemia

Answer 11

disorder involving lack of red blood cells due to profuse blood loss

Question 12

thalassemia

Answer 12

disorder caused by a genetic defect resulting in low hemoglobin production

Question 13

iron deficiency anemia

Answer 13

disorder in which hemoglobin is unable to transport oxygen due to a lack of iron

Question 14

lymphocyte

Answer 14

type of agranulocyte that circulates in the lymphatic system and is active in immunity; 20-25% of circulating WBCs

Question 15

erythropoietin

Answer 15

hormone released by kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow

Question 16

plasmapheresis

Answer 16

removal and replacement of a patient’s own blood after plasma has been removed and replaced with a plasma substitute

Question 17

hemolytic

Answer 17

pertaining to the rupture or destruction of red blood cells

Question 18

anemia

Answer 18

condition in which the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or packed cell volume is lower than normal

Question 19

clotting disorder

Answer 19

condition characterized by an inability of blood to coagulate

Question 20

septicemia

Answer 20

spread of microorganisms or toxins through circulating blood

Question 21

polycythemia

Answer 21

increase in number of red blood cells

Question 22

sis

Answer 22

condition, process

Question 23

poiesis

Answer 23

production, formation

Question 24

thrombocytopenia

Answer 24

disorder involving low levels of platelets in the blood

Question 25

Sjogren syndrome

Answer 25

chronic autoimmune disease characterized y degeneration of the salivary and lacrimal glands causing dryness of the mouth and eyes and other mucous membranes

Question 26

hemochromatosis

Answer 26

excessive absorption and storage of dietary iron in body tissues causing dysfunction

Question 27

plas/o

Answer 27

formation, growth

Question 28

hemopoietic, hematopoietic

Answer 28

pertaining to the formation of blood cells

Question 29

apheresis

Answer 29

infusion of a patient’s own blood after certain cellular or fluid elements have been removed; used especially to remove antibodies in treating autoimmune disorders

Question 30

hemophilia

Answer 30

bleeding disorder due to deficiency of a clotting factor