Blood and Immune

Question 1

Is an innate immune response immediate or something that is developed

Answer 1

ADAPTIVE immune response is IMMEDIATE

Question 2

Is an adaptive immune response immediate or something that is developed

Answer 2

ADAPTIVE immune response is THINGS BODY DEVELOPS IN RESPONS TO SPECIFIC PATHOGENS

Question 3

Shape of antibodies and their function

Answer 3

Y-shape and respond to pathogens

Question 4

Name the 3 Blood components/layers

Answer 4

1. Red blood cells
2. White blood cells/platelets
3. Plasma: H2O + dissolved subst.

Question 5

What blood component carries ion and gives blood its colour

Answer 5

Red blood cells

Question 6

What proteins circulate around the body

Answer 6

• antibodies
• Hormones
• Other signalling molecules
• Coagulants; many Fibrinogen (clotting)

Question 7

What the cloudy middle layer of blood contains

Answer 7

• White blood cells
• Platelets

Question 8

What are white blood cells

Answer 8

Immune cells sit/circulate

Question 9

What is more liquid blood component

Answer 9

plasma

Question 10

What rbc carry

Answer 10

Oxygen

Question 11

What wbc do

Answer 11

Fight infection

Question 12

Another name of white blood cells

Answer 12

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)

Question 13

Platelets are bits of membrane-enclosed cytoplasm that aid in…

Answer 13

Clotting

Question 14

How platelets form a clot

Answer 14

Rbc + fibrin come together, mesh to form protein layers

Question 15

Name 3 key wbc types

Answer 15

1. Neutrophils
2. Lymphocytes
3. Monocytes

Question 16

Features of neutrophils

Answer 16

• Uneven, multilobed nuclei
• Most abundant type of wbc
• Phagocytic

Question 17

Features of lymphocytes

Answer 17

• Round, circular with even nucleus
• Adaptive immune response

Question 18

Types of lymphocytes and their functions

Answer 18

• B cells: produce antibodies
• T cells: helper… help B cells to produce antibodies

Question 19

Features of monocytes

Answer 19

• Kidney bean nuclei
• Scavenger cells
• Send out signals to other cells in immune system
• Precursors to macrophages
• Recognise pathogens + infection response

Question 20

What are the immune signalling cells sent out by monocytes

Answer 20

Secrete cytokines

Question 21

Purpose of immune system

Answer 21

Defence to prevent invading pathogens/microbes

Question 22

Two major functions of the immune system

Answer 22

1. Differentiates between self vs. non-self
2. Seek + destroy what is non-self (foreign/pathogens)

Question 23

Is tolerance of learning what is self vs. non-self to determine response learned or innate

Answer 23

LEARNED

Question 24

What is autoimmune disease caused by

Answer 24

System responds to self which can damage tissue

Question 25

Define pathology

Answer 25

The study of diseases and how they progress

Question 26

What is “something that causes a disease (bacteria/virus/fungi)”

Answer 26

Pathogen

Question 27

Immunogenic: something which ___ an immune response in the body, this can be a ____ (antibody) and/or __-____ immune response

Answer 27

Immunogenic: something which (induces) an immune response in the body, this can be a (humoral) (antibody) and/or (cell-mediated) immune response

Question 28

Define antigen

Answer 28

A molecule which induces an immune response via a lymphocyte

Question 29

What do pathogens have lots of on their surface

Answer 29

Antigens

Question 30

Define antibody

Answer 30

A molecular component of the immune system that recognises and binds/interacts with antigens

Question 31

What are the 2 parts to the innate immune response

Answer 31

1. External innate first line defences
2. Internal innate second line defences

Question 32

Things that contribute to the external first line innate defence

Answer 32

• Skin
• Secretions
• Mucous membranes