Blood and Blood vessels

Question 1

highlight the key features of an artery

Answer 1

-thick walls of muscle and elastic tissues to cope with high pressure
-narrower lumen (hole or space in middle)

Question 2

What is the function of arteries

Answer 2

carry blood away from the heart

Question 3

what is the function of capillaries

Answer 3

exchange nutrients and oxygen with tissues (exchange substances with cells)

Question 4

what is the function of veins

Answer 4

carry blood back to the heart

Question 5

highlight the key features of capillaries

Answer 5

-really small
-thin permeable walls
-takes away waste products (CO2)
-lower blood pressure (flows slower which gives blood time to exchange)

Question 6

highlight the key features of veins

Answer 6

-thin walls of small layers of elastic fibres and smooth muscle
-biggest lumens
-have valves to prevent back flow of blood
-low pressure blood (walls don’t need to be very strong)

Question 7

calculation of blood flow

Answer 7

how much blood has flowed divided by the time it took

Question 8

________ carry blood through the body tissues, allowing oxygen, nutrients, and waste products, to be exchanged between tissues and the blood.

Answer 8

capillaries

Question 9

veins carry blood _____ the heart

Answer 9

to

Question 10

arteries carry blood ______ the heart

Answer 10

away from

Question 11

Arteries are large and carry blood at a very _____ pressure

Answer 11

high

Question 12

artery walls have a thick middle layer, containing both muscle and _____ tissue

Answer 12

elastic

Question 13

(arteries)The _______ tissue provides strength, and allows the arteries to direct blood flow.

Answer 13

muscle

Question 14

(arteries) The ______ tissue allows the arteries to stretch and recoil.

Answer 14

elastic

Question 15

(arteries) Compared to their walls, arteries have a relatively ______ lumen, which keeps the blood pressure high.

Answer 15

narrow

Question 16

Which blood vessel is the smallest

Answer 16

capillaries

Question 17

The role of capillaries is to _______ nutrients and ______ products with the tissues.

Answer 17

exchange, waste

Question 18

Capillary walls are _________, meaning substances are able to move through them.

Answer 18

permeable

Question 19

(capillaries) Their walls are also only ___ cell thick which means a short distance for _______.

Answer 19

one, diffusion

Question 20

Capillaries carry blood at a ____ pressure and have a lower rate of flow than arteries.

Answer 20

low

Question 21

what nutrients are exchanged between the blood in the capillaries and the body tissues?

Answer 21

glucose and amino acids

Question 22

what waste products are exchanged between the blood in the capillaries, and the body tissues?

Answer 22

urea and carbon dioxide

Question 23

Veins are a similar size to arteries, but they have relatively ____ walls and a relatively ____lumen

Answer 23

thin, wide

Question 24

(veins) They carry blood at a much ______ pressure

Answer 24

lower

Question 25

Veins also contain ______to prevent the blood from flowing backwards.

Answer 25

valves

Question 26

which substances are exchanged between the blood in the capillaries, and the body tissues?

Answer 26

glucose, urea, carbon dioxide, oxygen

Question 27

In which order does blood flow through the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 27

arteries --> capillaries --> veins

Question 28

our blood is made of four main things, what are they?

Answer 28

red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets

Question 29

Function of RBC

Answer 29

-carry/transports oxygen from our lungs to our bodies tissues so our cells can use it for cellular respiration

Question 30

Red blood cells are packed full of a large proteins called ______ , which bind to oxygen.

Answer 30

haemoglobin

Question 31

what provides RBC with their red colour

Answer 31

haemoglobin

Question 32

adaptations of RBC

Answer 32

- don't have a nucleus (fit more haemoglobin and oxygen) - shaped like a biconcave disk (to create a large surface area)

Question 33

white blood cells make up ______ of our blood

Answer 33

<1 %

Question 34

role of white blood cells

Answer 34

-defend against pathogens - fight infection and make antibodies -protects against diseases

Question 35

how do white blood cells defend against pathogens

Answer 35

-phagocytosis (engulfs pathogens) -antibodies (binds onto pathogens and helps destroy them) -antitoxins (neutralise any toxin that pathogens produce)

Question 36

difference of RBC and WBC

Answer 36

-RBCs don't have a nucleus and WBCs do -WBCs are much larger than RBCs -there are more RBCs than WBCs

Question 37

what are the 2 types of white blood cells

Answer 37

-lymphocytes (produces antibodies) -phagocytes (engulf pathogens)

Question 38

role of platelets

Answer 38

-clots blood when a blood vessel breaks -cell fragments needed for blood clotting -clots prevent blood loss -clots stop entry of pathogens and infections

Question 39

role of plasma

Answer 39

-makes the blood watery so it can flow -carries everything ---> RBCs, WBCs, platelets, dissolved nutrients (like glucose, amnio acids), hormones, proteins, waste products (CO2, urea) and antibodies/antitoxins

Question 40

most adults have __ litres of blood flowing through their circulatory system

Answer 40

5