Blood And Blood Products Flashcards
What are PRBCs? When is it given? Why?
Packed Red Blood Cells
In adults < 7, in neonates < 10
To increase O2 carrying capacity
What is cryoprecipitate? When is it given? Why is it used?
Small volume that is rich in fibrinogen (concentrated amount)
Good to give in peds b/c it is low volume dosage with high yield
Fibrinogen helps to stabilize bleeding, is ideal to use in neonates who commonly bleed from cannulation sites
What is FFP? When is it given? Why is it used?
Fresh frozen plasma
Given when INR > 1.5
To give clotting factors to a patient who is bleeding
What are platelets? When is it given? Why is it used?
Manufactured by whole blood and bonds to fibrinogen
Adults do not get platelets transfused unless they are actively bleeding (platelet counts as low as 15,000)
When platlet values are < 80,000 for peds/neonates (patient dependent on bleeding amounts)
How are the above products given to adult ECMO patients?
Peripherally to the patient by the nurse
What are the blood components given into the neonatal circuit? Describe all ports that might be used
PRBCs- one of the venous pigtails, manifold (venous side).
Ran on a syringe pump
FFP- one of the venous pigtails, manifold (venous side).
Ran on a syringe pump
Platelets- on the Arterial side of the bridge. Pushed manually, 5cc every 5 mins. After giving the full amount, flush with saline enough to clear the line
What is the usual dose or volume of the above components given to a 4kg child?
10-15 cc/kg (if the patient is exsanguinating then 20 cc/kg)
What does it mean to use emergency release blood?
Not cross-matched, O negative blood
What does blood type mean?
Blood types are determined by the presence of absence of certain antigens
What blood type is the universal donor? What blood type is the universal recipient?
O negative - universal donor
AB positive - universal recipient
What are the special requirements for infants < 4 months with respect to blood?
Is this true for other elements of the blood?
Initial sample at birth (good for 4 months due to immature liver not making antigens)
What part of the blood carries the antibodies?
Plasma
Define thrombocytopenia? What factor is given when this condition occurs?
Low platelet levels - give platelets
When does RH matter?
Women of pregnancy age as well as pregnant women
How long may blood stay in the unit refrigerator?
There is no unit refrigerator- can stay in the cooler for 12 hrs
