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Tech 3 > Blood Administration > Flashcards

Blood Administration Flashcards

1
Q

What are Blood Transfusions

A

-Introduction of whole blood or blood components directly into a persons circulatory system

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2
Q

Primary Purpose of Transfusions

A

-To increase circulating blood volume (Ie. surgery, trauma, significant blood loss)
-To increase # of RBC (severe anemia = administer blood to maintain hemoglobin)
-To supply certain components as replacement therapy (Ie. clotting factors, platelets, or albumin)

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3
Q

Blood and body weight

A

-8% of an adults body weight
-55% is plasma
-45% are cells
-Females have 4-5L, Males have 5-6L

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4
Q

Function of Blood

A

-Blood transports: nutrients, glucose, amino acids, albumin, proteins, dissolved gases (O2, CO2), waste products of metabolism (urea, ammonia, CO2), hormones, and RBCs/WBCs/ platelets
-Blood regulates fluid & electrolyte balance, acid-base balance & body temp
-Blood fights infection & maintains hemostasis of blood coagulation

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5
Q

Types of Blood Collection

A

-Directed Donation
-Homologous Donation
-Autologous Donation

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6
Q

Directed Donation

A

-Donation made by a donor chosen for or by the recipient
-This type of donation is offered in a specific and limited cases and may only be given by parents or legal guardians to their minor children

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7
Q

Homologous Donation

A

-Compatible blood donor
-Type of donation you would make if you donated your blood through CBS

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8
Q

Autologous Donation

A

-Pre-operative collection of your own blood 3-4 weeks before your scheduled surgery (can collect up to 5 units)
-Or Peri-operative blood salvage: the collection and reinfusion of blood lost during and immediately after surgery

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9
Q

Perioperative blood transfusions

A

-The blood from the surgical field is recovered, mixed with an anticoagulant and pumped through a cell salvage machine where it is centrifuged and washed
-Resulting red blood cells are then pumped into a transfer bag
-Blood May be reinfused to the patient immediately or later

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10
Q

Blood Donor Screening

A

-Questionnaire: When was your last tattoo? Do you have unprotected sex? Do you have more than one sexual partner?
-Hemoglobin: Level will be tested to make sure it is at a safe level to donate
-Vs: Taken to find out if you have a fever, if you are well hydrated/healthy enough to donate
-Viruses: such as HIV, hepatitis, HTLV, Zika
-Bacteria: Syphillis
-Parasites: Chagas
-Blood Groups: ABO blood type & Rh factor

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11
Q

Human T-lymphotropic Virus (HTLV)

A

-Virus that infects the white blood cells
-Can cause disease of the nervous system and leukemia

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12
Q

Chagas

A

-Type of sleeping sickness caused by a parasite
-Spread by the bite of reduvid bugs and one of the major health problems in South America

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13
Q

Blood Type A

A

-Antibodies Present: Anti-B
-Antigens Present: A antigen

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14
Q

Blood Type B

A

Antibodies Present: Anti-A
Antigens Present: B antigens

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15
Q

AB Blood Type

A

Antibodies: None
Antigens: A and B antigens

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16
Q

O Blood Type

A

Antibodies: anti a and anti b
Antigens: None

17
Q

Antigens

A

-Glycoprotein identification markers found on the outer surface of the RBC cell membrane (like sprinkles on a donut)

18
Q

Antibodies

A

-Protein structures found in the plasma that are produced by the white blood cells in reaction to a foreign substance

19
Q

RH Factor (Rhesus D Antigen)

A

-If you are Rh+ that means you have the D antigen
-If you are Rh- that means you do not have the D antigen
-Increases # of blood types to 8

20
Q

Pregnant woman and Rh

A

-If a pregnant woman is Rh- she will receive a treatment called winrho to prevent anti D AB from forming

21
Q

Universal Donor

A

-O negative
-Has no antigens

22
Q

Universal Recipient

A

-AB positive
-Lacks AB antibodies

23
Q

Most common blood type

A

-O+
-1 in 3
-A is the second most common

24
Q

Rarest blood type

A

AB- (1 in 170)

25
Q

A Person with Group A Blood Can Recieve From

A

A and O

26
Q

A Person with Group B Can Recieve From

A

B and O

27
Q

A Person with Group AB Blood can Recieve From

A

A, B, AB, O

28
Q

A person with group O can Recieve from

A

O

Tech 3 (4 decks)

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