Blood Admin

Question 1

Universal Donor

Answer 1

Type O
–Has no antigens of any kind on RBC but has both types of antibodies-
Can only have Type O blood

Question 2

Universal Recipient

Answer 2

Type AB
–Has both antigens (A and B) so has no antibodies to any blood type–

Question 3

Is compatibility required for platelet infusion?

Answer 3

No, doesn’t matter

Question 4

What is cryoprecipitate used for?

Answer 4

Replacement of clotting factors

Question 5

What is a febrile non-hemolytic reaction?

Answer 5

Most common
Occurs in 1:8 transfusions
Caused by sensitivity to donor’s WBCs
Fever, N/V, chills, rigors
–Stop and wait for new orders, give antipyretic–

Question 6

What is acute hemolytic reaction?

Answer 6

Blood wasn’t compatible
Usually presents within 15 min
Presents as:
Pain (back, chest, flank, IV site)
Shock symptoms (tachycardia, drop in BP, dyspnea, tachypnea)
Acute jaundice, dark urine, Acute kidney injury, cardiac arrest, DIC
–Stop transfusion, manage shock, diuretics, IV fluids–

Question 7

What is circulatory overload reaction?

Answer 7

Too much fluid too fast
Pts with cardiac and renal hx are susceptible.
Looks like fluid in lungs, htn, tachycardia, JVD
Tx: Sit upright with feet dangling
Diuretics

Question 8

What is transfusion related acute lung injury?
–TRALI–

Answer 8

Reaction from mixture of leukocytes
Causes pulmonary inflammation and capillary leakage
Occurs 1-6 hours
S/Sx: Fever, chills
Tachypnea, pulm edema
Frothy sputum, hypoxemia
Hypotension
Tx: O2, Chest XR, ABGs

Question 9

What is hemochromatosis?

Answer 9

Iron overload
Excess in deposited in body
S/Sx: HF, DM, arthritis, cirrhosis
Happens in large transfusions
Tx: Deferoxamine preventatively

Question 10

What is a massive transfusion reaction?

Answer 10

Too much RBCs vs electrolytes and platelets. Imbalance of blood parts.
Happens in large transfusion amount
S/Sx: Hypothermia, electrolyte imbalance, EKG changes
Tx: Blood warming, Electrolyte replacements, plasma and platelet infusions

Question 11

What is normal rate of blood infusion?

Answer 11

2 mL/min

Question 12

How often are VS checked during infusion?

Answer 12

Company policy but usually 15 min

Question 13

A blood transfusion must be finished within __ hours.

Answer 13

4

Question 14

What gauge IV is needed for blood products?

Answer 14

18-20 ga

Question 15

What is correct tubing for transfusions?

Answer 15

Blood or Y tubing.
NS in one side, Blood in other

Question 16

How soon after blood is received must infusion start?

Answer 16

30 minutes

Question 17

Are any meds ok to add to blood products?

Answer 17

Never

Question 18

Only IV solution compatible with blood?

Answer 18

Normal saline 0.9%

Question 19

How often must blood tubing and filter be changed?

Answer 19

After every unit