Blood

Question 1

oxygenated

Answer 1

supplied, treated, or enriched with oxygen.

Question 2

deoxygenated

Answer 2

remove oxygen from

Question 3

artery

Answer 3

ny of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 4

vein

Answer 4

any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.

Question 5

capillary

Answer 5

any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules

Question 6

valve

Answer 6

a device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe, duct, etc., especially an automatic device allowing movement in one direction only.

Question 7

red blood cell

Answer 7

a red blood cell, which (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment haemoglobin, which imparts the red colour to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.

Question 8

white blood cell

Answer 8

a colourless cell which circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease; a white (blood) cell. There are several types, all amoeboid cells with a nucleus, including lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes.

Question 9

platelets

Answer 9

Platelets are tiny blood cell fragments that help your body form clots to stop bleeding. If one of your blood vessels gets damaged, it sends out signals that are picked up by platelets. The platelets then rush to the site of damage and form a plug, or clot, to repair the damage.

Question 10

plasma

Answer 10

A plasma is a hot ionized gas consisting of approximately equal numbers of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons. The characteristics of plasmas are significantly different from those of ordinary neutral gases so that plasmas are considered a distinct “fourth state of matter.”

Question 11

lymphocytes

Answer 11

a form of small leucocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.

Question 12

macrophage

Answer 12

A macrophage is a type of phagocyte, which is a cell responsible for detecting, engulfing and destroying pathogens and apoptotic cells. Macrophages are produced through the differentiation of monocytes, which turn into macrophages when they leave the blood.

Question 13

centrifuge

Answer 13

a machine with a rapidly rotating container that applies centrifugal force to its contents, typically to separate fluids of different densities (e.g. cream from milk) or liquids from solids.