Blood Flashcards
Body fluids are divided in to two major compartments, those compartments are?
Intracellular-makes up approximately 2/3 if the body fluids by volume and it includes all fluids inside the cells
Extracellular-makes up approximately 1/3 of the body fluids by volume and it includes all fluids outside the cells
Extracellular fluids are further divided in to what?
Interstital Fluid and Plasma
What is interstitial fluid?
Interstitial fluid includes the fluids between cells, lymph, serious fluid, synovial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. Interstitial fluid constitutes 80% of extracellular fluids
What is plasma?
Plasma includes the liquid portion of blood. Plasma constitutes 20% of extracellular fluids
What does blood consist of?
45% formed elements (blood cells) and 55% of a liquid portion called plasma (extracellular matrix)
What is the hematocrit (HCT)?
the ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood.
A blood sample is usually about 45% red blood cells by volume
What is the range of blood pH?
7.35-7.45 (slightly alkalinic)
What is the average amount of blood in an adult?
5 liters
What is the texture of blood?
Viscous, slightly sticky to touch and 3-4 times thicker than water
Blood servers mainly as a transport system in the body; what does it transport?
Nutrients, Oxygen, Carbon dioxide, Wastes, Heat, Hormones, Antibodies, and Clotting factors to seal a break in a blood vessel
What are the functions of plasma?
- Transportation of gases and nutrients
- Regulation of pH, temperature, and hydration
What does plasma consist of?
- Water
- Plasma Proteins including albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen
- Plasma Nutrients
- Blood gases including oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Waste products including urea from protein metabolism
- Plasma electrolytes
- Hormones, enzymes and vitamins
What is albumin?
Albumin is a plasma protein that helps to maintain the proper osmotic pressure of the blood, it is the most plentiful plasma protein
What are the 2 different globulins?
- Prothrombin that plays a role in blood clotting
- Gamma globulin that are antibodies
What is fibrinogens role?
It plays a role in blood clotting
What do plasma nutrients include?
- Amino acids from protein digestion
- Monosaccharides from carb digestion
- Fatty acids from lipid digestion
- These nutrients have been absorbed from the digestive system and are being transported to body cells.
What do the plasma electrolytes include?
Sodium Chloride Potassium Calcium Hydrogen
What are the most abundant electrolytes?
Sodium and Chloride