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NU-110 > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

cell membrane encloses the cell contents

A

Plasma membrane

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2
Q

Microvilli

A

absorb materials into the cell

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3
Q

large membrane bound, dark-staining organelle near the center of the cell

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

colloid that fills the cell from the nuclear membrane to the plasma membrane

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

surrounds the organelles, site of many chemical reactions and nutrition storage

A

Cytosol

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6
Q

network of membrane within the cytoplasm

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

small bodies free in cytoplasm or attached to the ER which manufacture proteins

A

Ribosomes

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8
Q

sorts and prepares proteins for transport to other part of the cell or out of the cell

A

Goli apparatus

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9
Q

convert energy from nutrients into APT

A

Mitochondria

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10
Q

Lysosomes

A

small sacs of digestive enzymes which digest substances within the cell

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11
Q

Peroxisomes

A

membrane enclosed organelles containing enzymes which break down harmful substances

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12
Q

Barrel-shaped organelles which destroy improperly synthesized proteins

A

Proteasomes

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13
Q

small membrane-bound sacs in the cytoplasm which store material and move materials into or out of the cell

A

vesicles

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14
Q

centrioles

A

rod shaped bodies which help separate the chromosomes during cell division

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15
Q

cilia

A

Short hairlike projections which move the fluid around the cell

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16
Q

Flagellum

A

moves the cell

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17
Q

What substance make up the plasma membrane?

A

lipids

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18
Q

osmosis

A

diffusion of water

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19
Q

movement of material through a membrane down a pressure gradient

A

filtration

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20
Q

movement of materials against the concertation gradient using transporters

A

active transport

21
Q

movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concertation

A

Diffusion

22
Q

Endocytosis

A

the movement of materials into the cell using vesicles

23
Q

engulfs droplets of fluid

A

pinocytosis

24
Q

moves materials out of the vesicles

A

exocytosis

25
Q

isotonic

A

has the same concentration of dissolved substances as the fluid in the cell

26
Q

hypotonic

A

has a lower concentration of dissolved substances than the fluid in the cell

27
Q

hypertonic

A

has a higher concentration of dissolved substances than the fluid in the cell

28
Q

A hypotonic solution has what effect on the cell?

A

cell takes in water, swells and may burst

29
Q

The copy of information DNA to RNA is known as?

A

Transcription

30
Q

The ribosomes the genetic massage is decoded to assemble amino acids into the long chains that form proteins

A

translation

31
Q

messenger RNA

A

transcribes the nucleotides code

32
Q

transfer RNA

A

translate the genetic code into protein; carries an amino acid

33
Q

Process where each original parent cell becomes two identical daughter cells

A

mitosis

34
Q

List the stages if mitosis in correct order

A

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

35
Q

Cillia

A

move waste material such as dust, mucus, and bacteria

36
Q

Peroxisomes

A

lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification

37
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

synthesizes phospholipids, the main component of biological membranes, as well as steroid hormones

38
Q

hydrophilic

A

a molecule that is attracted to water

39
Q

chromosomes algin down the center of the cell

A

metaphase

40
Q

chromosomes pair, the nucleoli disappear. and the nuclear envelope disappears

A

prophase

41
Q

chromatid pairs separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell

A

anaphase

42
Q

the cytoplasm splits to form daughter cells

A

cytokinesis

43
Q

Spindle fibers break down and chromatin appears

A

telophase

44
Q

Ribosomes

A

serve as the site of protein synthesis

45
Q

Goli apparatus

A

sorting, modifying, and shipping off the products that come from the rough ER

46
Q

Lysosomes

A

contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components

47
Q

Flagella

A

specialized for cell location

48
Q

Mitochondria

A

a membranous bean-shaped organelle that is the energy transformer of the cell

NU-110 (3 decks)

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