Blood Flashcards
Functions of blood
Transportation
Regulation
Protection
PH level of blood
7.35- 7.45
Erythrocytes
Biconcave shape
No nucleus
Live for around 120 days
Packed with hemoglobin
Function of hemoglobin
Carries oxygen
What is hemoglobin made of?
Globin
Heme
Iron
Globin
Protein chains in 4 subunits
Heme
Pigment molecule
There is one for each protein subunit
Iron (hemoglobin)
Center of each heme
Binds individual oxygen molecules
Oxyhemoglobin
Add O2
Bright red
Deoxyhemoglobin
No O2
Dark Red
How are blood types determined?
By their antigens
These can cause an immune response which result in antibody production
Where are antibodies located?
In the plasma
What is true about Rh+ blood types?
Rh antigen is present
No antibodies will EVER form
What is true about Rh- blood types
No Rh antigen present
No anti D antibodies present unless exposed to rh+ blood
Plasma makes up what percentage of blood?
55%
What makes up a majority of plasma
Water (92%)
Proteins (7%)
What proteins are found in plasma?
Albumin
Globulins
Fibrinogen
Albumin
Regulates water volume
Regulates blood volume and blood pressure
Globulin
Antibodies for immunity
Transport fats or fat soluble materials
Fibrinogen
Forms fibrin
- turns into fibrin during coagulation
What are the steps of hemostasis?
- Vascular Spasms occur
- Formation of platelet plug
- Coagulation occurs
Vascular Spams
Smooth muscle in blood vessel contracts
Makes blood vessel smaller in size to prevent blood loss
Formation of platelet plug
Platelets get trapped in collagen
The platelets release chemicals to bring more platelets to the area
Platelet chemicals cause them to stick together
Coagulation occurs
Fibrinogen turns into fibrin
Fibrin creates a mesh to trap Red Blood Cells and platelets
Causes a clot
