Blood

Question 1

Know the composition of blood, i.e., the different components of centrifuged blood with ratios

Answer 1

Plasma: 55% of total blood volume
Buffy coat (leukocytes and platelets): 1% of total blood volume
Erythrocytes: 45% of total blood volume

Question 2

Neutrophils

Answer 2

Neutrophils: 54% - 62%
Granulocyte
First leukocytes to arrive at infection sites
Phagocytose bacteria and other particles

Question 3

Lymphocytes

Answer 3

25% - 33%
Agranulocyte. Smallest WBC
Three types
T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes
Natural killer (NK) cells
Destroy invading microorganisms, foreign or abnormal antigens, cancer cells
Can return to the bloodstream after exiting by diapedesis

Effector and regulatory cells for adaptive immunity

Question 4

Monocytes

Answer 4

3% - 7%
Agranulocyte
Precursor of macrophages and other MPS cells

Question 5

Eosinophils

Answer 5

2% - 4%
Granulocyte
Granules contain cytotoxic effects on parasitic worms and protozoa
Phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes
Modulate inflammatory responses (inactivate leukotrienes and histamine)
Mediate allergic reactions and asthma

Kill helminths

Question 6

Basophils

Answer 6

Granulocyte
Contain IgE receptors
Secrete contents of granules (heparin and other sulfated glycosaminoglycans) in response to antigens
Similar to mast cells
Modulate inflammation, Releases histamine