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Cardiovascular System > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Define Hematopoiesis

A

Process that produces formed elements/blood

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2
Q

Define Hemoglobin

A

the main component of erythrocyte.
F- travelling oxygen to heart and body

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3
Q

What stimulates red bone marrow to produce more erythrocytes?

A

Erythropoietin

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4
Q

Define Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

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5
Q

Define platelets

A

Blood cell fragments responsible for BLOOD CLOT

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6
Q

Platelets is also known as

A

Thrombocytes

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7
Q

WBC is also known as

A

Leukocytes

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8
Q

RBC is also known as

A

Erythrocytes

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9
Q

Define Heparin and Antithrombin

A

Examples of anticoagulant/ prevents blood from clotting

*Antithrombin- primary inhibitor of thrombin (involved in blood clotting)

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10
Q

Define Agglutination

A

clumping of blood cells

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11
Q

Define Antigens

A

A foreign substance that enters your body. Attaches to surface of erythrocytes. Stimulates production of antibodies

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12
Q

Define Antibodies

A

proteins in plasma that bind, attack, and fight the antigens

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13
Q

How are erythrocytes produced?

A
  1. When there is decrease in blood O2, kidney receptors detect this change
  2. Kidney releases ERYTHROPOIETIN
  3. It stimulates RBC/Erythrocytes production in Red B.M.
  4. There will be increase in blood O2 (many RBC=High oxygen
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14
Q

Explain fate of old erthrocytes

A
  1. Old red blood cells are removed from blood by macrophages in spleen and liver
  2. Hemoglobin is broken down and separated into 2 (Globin & Heme)
  3. Globin= broken down into amino acids
  4. Heme= converted to bilirubin
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15
Q

what is the process of blood typing

A
  1. add 3 drops of blood to glass slide
  2. add ANTISERA A, B, and D sequentially
  3. mix antisera properly in blood with toothpicks
  4. allow to stand for 2-3 min. and note down result
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16
Q

RA TRIVA RIVE

PUSEVA PUTRU

PUAR LU PUVE

LEAT BIVA LEVE

AOSEVA AO BO

A
  1. Right Atrium
  2. Tricuspid valve
  3. Right Ventricle
  4. Pulmonary semilunar valve
  5. Pulmonary trunk
  6. Pulmonary arteries
  7. Lungs
  8. Pulmonary veins
  9. Left Atrium
  10. Bicuspid valve
  11. Left Ventricle
  12. Aortic semilunar valve
  13. Aorta
  14. Body
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17
Q

Explain interpretation of CBC and blood diseases

A

A CBC consist of
- Red blood cell count
- hemoglobin & hematocrit measurements
- white blood cell count

18
Q

What blood type: reacted to all anti drops

A

ab-positive

19
Q

What blood type: reacted to no anti

A

o-negative

20
Q

This term refers to the inability of blood to clot properly

A

haemophilia/hemophilia

21
Q

Platelets are produced in bone marrow and are pinched off fragments from ___

A

megakaryocytes

22
Q

2 types of Leukocytes ____ &____

A

granulocytes & Agranulocytes

23
Q

Define granulocytes

A

Type of WBC that has small/specific granules

24
Q

Define agranulocytes

A

Type of WBC that has no specific granules in their cytoplasm

25
Q

2 examples of agranulocytes and their function?

“M.L

A

Monocytes- produce macrophages

Lymphocytes- produce antibodies

26
Q

3 examples of granulocytes and their function?

N.EO.B

A

Neutrophils- phagocytes

Eosinophils- destroy parasites

Basophils- release histamine & heparin

27
Q

This refers to the clumping of particles/ blood cells

Effect: clog blood vessels

A

Agglutination

28
Q

____ is a network of threadlike protein fibers, called fibrin, that traps blood cells etc.

A

Clot

29
Q

Explain the process of blood clotting

A
  1. Prothrombinase production-
    a.) Inactive clotting factors with exposed connective tissue = C.F activation or
    b.)Thromboplastin released from injured tissue activates clotting factors

-Initial activations happen until prothrombinase/prothrombin activator is formed

  1. Thrombin Production- prothrombinase converts to prothrombin (inactive clotting factor) to thrombin (active)
  2. Fibrin production- thrombin converts plasma protein fibrinogen to fibrin

*Fibrin=clot
________________
Clotting factor activation>prothrombinase>thrombin>fibrinogen>fibrin

30
Q

Disease in blood- septicemia is what?

A

blood poisoning

31
Q

Malaria is?

A

caused by a protozoan introduced into blood by mosquito

32
Q

AIDS/ acquired immunodificiency syndrome

A

caused by HIV

33
Q

This is the process of removing nucleus during development

A

Enucleation

34
Q

Where is erythropoietin produced?

A

Kidney. It’s stimulates production of RBC to RBM

35
Q

Disorder- high WBC count

A

Leukocytosis

36
Q

Disorder- low WBC count

A

Leukopenia

37
Q

What is the shape of hemoglobin and why?

A

Biconcave. So that it can fit through blood vessels

38
Q

what is the most common WBC

A

neutrophil

39
Q

Largest WBC

A

monocyte

40
Q

What EBC are granulocytes and what are agranulocytes

A

granulocytes- neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

agranulocytes- monocyte,

Cardiovascular System (3 decks)

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