Blood

Question 1

Blood Function

Answer 1

Distribution, Regulation, Protection

Question 2

Blood Composition

Answer 2

Plasma 55%- non-living fluid matrix
Erythrocytes 45%- living blood cells
Leukocytes- white blood cells
Platelets- cell fragments

Question 3

Plasma

Answer 3

> 90% water
100 dissolved solutes

Question 4

Albumin

Answer 4

Helps with osmotic balance and buffers PH

Question 5

Globulin

Answer 5

Helps in immune response and lipid transport

Question 6

Fibrinogen

Answer 6

Helps with Blood Clotting

Question 7

Leukocytes

Answer 7

Complete cells
Make up <1% of total blood volume

Question 8

Leukocytosis

Answer 8

WBC count > 11,000/ mu liter

Question 9

Diapedesis

Answer 9

Passing of blood through intact capillaries

Question 10

Order of Abundance

Answer 10

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils

Question 11

Neutrophils

Answer 11

Aka Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Very phagocytic

Question 12

Eosinophils

Answer 12

Lysosome-like granules
Deals with allergies, asthma, and general immune response

Question 13

Basophils

Answer 13

Changes size of blood vessels
Granules contains histamine

Question 14

Histamine

Answer 14

Inflammatory chemical -> vasodilator

Question 15

Lymphocytes

Answer 15

Mostly in Lymphoid tissue
Help in immune response

Question 16

T-Lymphocytes

Answer 16

Fights against virus-infected and cancer cells

Question 17

B-Lymphocytes

Answer 17

Anti-body producing cells

Question 18

Monocytes

Answer 18

Macrophages
Active phagocytic cells

Question 19

Platelets

Answer 19

Cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes
Act in clotting process
Formation regulated by thrombopoietin

Question 20

Erythrocytes

Answer 20

Simple biconcave discs
Filled with hemoglobin for gas transport
Contains plasma membrane protein spectrin

Question 21

Gas Transport in RBC

Answer 21

Hemoglobin binds reversibly with oxygen (it can pick up and drop it off)

Question 22

Hemoglobin Structure

Answer 22

Consists of globin (two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains and four gene groups)

Question 23

Oxyhemoglobin

Answer 23

Oxygenated blood
Ruby red color

Question 24

Deoxyhemoglobin

Answer 24

Unoxygenated blood
Dark red color

Question 25

Carbaminohemoglobin

Answer 25

Carbon bonds to amino acid chain
20% of CO2 in blood binds to hemoglobin

Question 26

Erythrocyte structure and function

Answer 26

Biconcave shape
>97% hemoglobin
No mitochondria, ATP produced anaerobicly

Question 27

Hematopoiesis

Answer 27

Blood Cell Formation
In adults, axial skeleton, girdles and proximal epiphyses of humerus and femur

Question 28

Hemocytoblasts

Answer 28

Hematopoietic stem cells
Gives rise to all formed elementa