Block II - First Aid

Question 1

What are the three objectives of first aide?

Answer 1

• prevent further injury
• infection
• loss of life

Question 2

What are the 11 basic wounds and protocols for each?

Answer 2

• Facial artery…Jaw
• Superficial temporal artery…temple
• Subclavian artery…collar bone
• Common carotid artery…neck
• Brachial artery…inner upper arm
• Brachial artery…inner elbow
• Radial/Ulnar artery…wrist
• Femoral artery…upper thigh
• Iliac artery…groin
• Popliteal artery…knee
• Anterior/Posterior tibial artery…ankle

Question 3

Explain the 3 degrees

Answer 3

First degree - Redness, warmth, mild pain
Second Degree - Red, blistered skin, and severe pain
Third degree - Destroyed tissue and nerve damage

Question 4

The rule of 9’s

Answer 4

Arms 9 each (4 1/2 front, 4 1/2 back)
Legs 18 each (9 front, 9 back)
Trunk 36 (front 18 and back 18)

Question 5

State the three methods to controlling bleeding

Answer 5

• direct pressure
• elevation
• pressure points
• Tourniquet (Last Resort)

Question 6

Describe the basic treatment for a suicide gesture or attempt.

Answer 6

• Take all threats seriously
• Answer cries for help
• Confront the problem
• Tell the person you care
• Listen actively
• Get professional help
• Don’t leave the person alone

Question 7

Describe the symptoms and first aid treatment for a joint dislocation.

Answer 7

Symptoms - bruise, swelling, loss of ability to use the joint, severe pain and muscle spasms, possible numbness and loss of pulse below the joint, and shock

First aid treatment - unless medical officer cannot be reached in 8 hours will you attempt to put back into place.

1. loosen the clothing around the injured part
2. Place the victim in the most comfortable position possible.
3. Support the injured part by means of a sling, pillows, bandages, splints, or any other device that will make the victim comfortable.
4. Treat the victim for shock
5. Get medical help asap.

Question 8

Explain when and why a cold pack or head pad would be used on a sprain.

Answer 8

• Application of cold pack for the first 24 to 48 hours.
• Elevation and rest of the affected area
• Application of a snug, smooth, figure-eight bandage to control swelling and to immobilize the affected area (NOTE: check bandage area for swelling that might cause circulation problems and loosen bandages if necessary)
• After swelling stops (24 to 48 hours), apply moist heat for short periods (15 to 30 minutes)