Block C

Question 1

What are the 4 fundamentals of a DNA Sequence

Answer 1

Anti-parallel
Complementary base pairing
4 bases
Double stranded (double helix)

Question 2

How many base pair sequences code for 1 amino acid

Answer 2

3

Question 3

What are nucleotides composed of

Answer 3

A deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and a base

Question 4

What type of bonds hold together pairs of bases

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds

Question 5

What are each ends of the DNA stand called

Answer 5

The 5’ end is the phosphate end
The 3’ end is the deoxyribose end

Question 6

What enzyme adds new nucleotides to a growing stand of DNA

Answer 6

DNA polymerase

Question 7

How does RNA differ from DNA

Answer 7

It’s single stranded instead of double stranded
Contains ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar
The base Uracil replaces Thymine
RNA can travel anywhere in the cell whereas DNA stays in the nucleus
RNA is much less stable than DNA

Question 8

What enzyme carries out transcription

Answer 8

RNA polymerase

Question 9

What is the central dogma

Answer 9

The pathway in which genetic information is expressed

DNA replication -> transcription (converting DNA into mRNA by RNA polymerase) -> translation (polypeptide synthesis from mRNA)

Question 10

What is a triplet of nucleotides called

Answer 10

A codon