Block 8 Pharm Flashcards
1
Q
imipramine
A
TCA, used for enuresis. antimuscarinic adverse effect
2
Q
amitriptyline
A
TCA, used for chronic pain. antimuscarinic adverse effect
3
Q
mirtazapine
A
2nd gen antidepressant, block 5-HT2 and alpha2. sedative, associated with weight gain.
4
Q
bupropion
A
2nd gen antidepressant. inhibit reuptake of NE/DA. For smoking cessation.
5
Q
trazodone
A
2nd gen antidepressant. sedative. block 5-HT reuptake and 5-HT2 receptors.
6
Q
fluoxetine
A
SSRI. potent inhibitor of p450 2D6. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
7
Q
paroxetine
A
SSRI. potent inhibitor of p450 2D6. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
8
Q
fluvoxamine
A
SSRI. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
9
Q
sertraline
A
SSRI. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
10
Q
citalopram
A
SSRI. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
11
Q
escitalopram
A
SSRI. adverse effects: SIADH, sexual dysfunction, GI, headache, insomnia.
12
Q
duloxetine
A
SNRI
13
Q
venlafaxine
A
SNRI
14
Q
desvenlafaxine
A
SNRI
15
Q
isocarboxazid
A
MAOI, A and B
16
Q
phenelzine
A
MAOI, A and B
17
Q
tranylcypromine
A
MAOI, A and B
18
Q
selegiline
A
MAOI, irreversible B. primarily for Parkinsons
19
Q
Li
A
mood stabilizer, adverse effects: olyuria/polydypsia, arrhythmias, weight gain, fluid retention, tremor, GI
20
Q
cabamazepine
A
mood stabilizer
21
Q
valproic acid
A
mood stabilizer
22
Q
lamotrigine
A
mood stabilizer
23
Q
disulfiram
A
(antabuse), inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase, feel ill when drink. for alcohol abuse
24
Q
naltrexone
A
(revia), opiate antagonist, dec positive reinfocement. curb enthusiasm. for alcohol and opiod abuse. also can have IM injection form (vivitrol)
25
acamprosate
restore NMDA receptor tone. get rid of negative reinfocement (drinking to get rid of icky feeling). for alcohol abuse.
26
methadone
full opioid agnoist, bad if mix with alcohol
27
buprenorphine
partial opioid agonist. no overdose potential, can be outpatient, don't need to go to clinic to get it everyday, less stigma. Can be given with naloxone to prevent IV abuse
28
varenicline
partial nicotinic agonist. less withdrawal/craving. very effective, MIGHT have inc in suicide.
29
thioopental
ultra short acting barbiturate, for anesthesia
30
thiamylal
ultra short acting barbiturate, for anesthesia
31
secobarbital
short-intermediate acting barbiturate.
32
pentobarbital
short-intermediate acting barbiturate.
33
phenobarital
long acting barbiturate, used as anticonvuslant
34
diazepam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), active metabolites so long half life. for anxiety.
35
chlordiazepoxide
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), active metabolites so long half life. for anxiety.
36
clonazepam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), active metabolites so long half life. for anxiety.
37
alprazolam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), intermediate half life. for anxiety.
38
triazolam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), for anesthesia. short half life. for anxiety.
39
oxazepam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), no active metabolites. for anxiety.
40
lorazepam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), no active metabolites. for anxiety.
41
flumazenil
competitive antagonist at benzo binding site, treat benzo overdose
42
buspirone
for long term anxiety. partial agonist at 5HT1a receptor. response occurs few weeks after start meds, no sedation, no abuse potential, little impairment of cognition, no tolerance. side effects: headache
43
triazolam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), for insomnia. can get rebound anxiety and anterograde amnesia. no longer used
44
temazepam
benzos (positive GABA-A allosteric modulator), for insomnia. slowly absorb, sleep onset can be delayed. no longer used
45
zolpidem
(ambien) for insomnia, interact with GABA-A, short half life, no active metabolites
46
zaleplon
(sonata) for insomina. binds to alpha1 subtype GABA-A receptor, short duration of action, helpful for those that have trouble falling asleep or awaken in middle of the night
47
eszopiclone
(lunesta). for insomnia. binds to alpha1 subtype GABA-A receptor. intermediate duration of action
48
ramelteon
(rozerem) for insomnia. melatonin receptor agonist. no dependence or abuse potential. mildly effective, help sleep induction.
49
strychnine
glycine receptor antagonist (inhibiting an inhibitor), affects motor nerves in spinal cord. convulsant properties, causes tonic hyperextension of body/limbs.
50
caffeine
methylxanthine. antagonist at adenosine receptors which inc adenyl cyclase activity. CNS: stim, inc alertness, dec drowsiness/fatigue. CV: inc hr, inc coronary blood flow. Resp: relaxes smooth muscle at high dosages. gastric mucosa: stim secretion of HCl. diuretic. withdrawal symptoms: headache, fatigue, impaired pscyhomotor performance, depression.
51
amphetamine
adderall. psychomotor stimulant for ADHD. can also use for narcolepsy. releases NE/DA/5HT and block reuptake. adverse reactions: dizziness/tremor, can get paranoid psychosis. chornic use neurotoxicity. palpitations/arrhythmia, GI upset.
52
methylphenidate
ritalin. psychomotor stimulate for ADHD. releases NE/DA and block reuptake. similar effects to amphetamine but less peripheral and CV stuff. adverse reaction: insomnia, restlessness, talkativeness.
53
ephedrine/pseudoephedrine
mixed direct and indirect stimulant, alpha and beta adrenergic agonist, also block reuptake of NE/DA.
54
methamphetamine
psychomotor stimulant. releases NE/DA/5HT and block reuptake. CNS: stimulant, keeps you awake but doesn't help learning. appetite suppression. CV stim. get tolerance and dependence. withdrawal: prolonged sleep, lassitude, fatigue, depression, intense hunger.
55
phentermine
amphetamine analogue. similar action. use for appetite suppressant.
56
atomoxetine
nonpsychomotor stimulant for ADHD. selective NRI. less abuse potential. may inc suicidal thoughts.
57
modafinil
provigil. mech unclear, inc release of DA, also result in activation of NE neuron in locus ceruleus leading to more wakeful state. use for narcolepsy and other sleep disorder. also ADHD and Alzheimers.
58
cocaine
indirectly acting sympathomimetic. block reuptake of DA/NE. only 5-10min high. metabolized by esterases. effects similar to methamphetamine. also local anesthetic activity. adverse reaction: seizure, hyperthermia, resp arrest. CV effects due to vasoconstrictive effects, less O2 delivery to heart but more O2 demand. get MI, arrythmias.. etc.
59
MDMA
psychoactive drug. potent releaser and/or reuptake inhibitor of 5HT/DA/NE. similar to amphetamine and halucinogen. inc energy, euphoria, warmth/empathy (mediated by 5HT triggering release of oxytocin). distortion in sensory/time. adverse effects: similar to serotonin syndrome, hyperreflexia, clonus, hyperthermia, tachycardia, agitation, confusion, anxiety
60
bath salts
cathinone, amphetamine like stimulant. all act on NE/DA/5HT presynaptic terminals to inc release. inc energy, empathy, openness, inc libido. adverse effects: CV, psych, neurologic.
61
LSD
very potent hallucinogen, sensory alterations, pseudohallucination, alterations of affectivity. dilated pupils. loss of filtering (filter out stuff like fans/footsteps). acute tolerance. 5HT2 receptor agonist.
62
psilocybin
like LSD, in peyote
63
mescaline
like LSD, in mushrooms
64
chlorpromazine
phenothiazine. for schizophrenia. block dopa receptors (D2, therapeutic effect), muscarinic receptors, alpha1 receptors, H1 receptors. side effects get psychomotor slowing, sedation, inc seizure risk, inhibit vomiting, hypothermia, EPS. adverse reactions: gynecomastia, orthostatic hypotension, antimuscarinic effects, weight gain, allergic reaction.
65
thioridazine
phenothiazine. for schizophrenia. block dopa receptors (D2, therapeutic effect), muscarinic receptors, alpha1 receptors, H1 receptors. side effects get psychomotor slowing, sedation, inc seizure risk, inhibit vomiting, hypothermia, EPS. adverse reactions: gynecomastia, orthostatic hypotension, antimuscarinic effects, weight gain, allergic reaction.
66
fluphenazine
phenothiazine. for schizophrenia. block dopa receptors (D2, therapeutic effect), muscarinic receptors, alpha1 receptors, H1 receptors. side effects get psychomotor slowing, sedation, inc seizure risk, inhibit vomiting, hypothermia, EPS. adverse reactions: gynecomastia, orthostatic hypotension, antimuscarinic effects, weight gain, allergic reaction.
67
haloperidol
butyrophenone.
68
clozapine
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia. can cause agrnulocytosis.
69
risperidone
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia.
70
olanzapine
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia.
71
quetiapine
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia.
72
ziprasidone
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia.
73
aripiprazole
atypical antipsychotic, for schizophrenia. less D2 activity, more 5HT activity. less EPS effects/prolactin release, more metabolic syndrome and T2DM. adverse effects: lengthen QT interval get arrhythmia.
