Block 8 ALS

Question 1

Where would this tissue be found

Answer 1

Thyroid Gland

Question 2

Name B

Answer 2

Follicular Cells

Question 3

What Hormones are secreted into A (x3)

Answer 3

1. Triiodothyronine (T3)
2. Thyroxine (T4)
3. Calcitonin

Question 4

Name C

Answer 4

Parafollicular Cell

Question 5

What does C secrete

Answer 5

Calcitonin

Question 6

What two tissues does this image show

Answer 6

Thyroid Tissue (Top)

Parathyroid Tissue (Lower 3/4)

Question 7

Define Diabetes

Answer 7

The bodies ability to produce or respond the hormone Insulin is impaired resulting in raised blood glucose levels.

Question 8

Name a common symptom of Diabetes 1

Answer 8

Excessive Thirst (Polydipsia)

Question 9

Name a common symptom of Diabetes 2

Answer 9

Excessive urination (Polyuria)

Question 10

Name a common symptom of Diabetes 3

Answer 10

Excessive Fatigue

Question 11

Which type of Diabetes is Insuline dependent

Answer 11

Type 1

Question 12

Which type of Diabetes is Insuline independent

Answer 12

Type 2

Question 13

What is Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 13

Polyuria caused by damage to kidneys or anti-diuretic homone deficiency.

Question 14

What is the other name for the Pituitary Gland

Answer 14

Hypophysis

Question 15

What Embryonic structures do the Thyroid and Parathyroid glands develop from

Answer 15

Pharyngeal Arches and pouches

Question 16

What is another name for the Pitutarry fossa in which the gland sits

Answer 16

Sella Turcica

Question 17

The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus by

Answer 17

The Pituitary stalk or Ifundibulum

Question 18

The pituitary gland is positionally related to the hypothalamus how

Answer 18

Hypothalamus is superior and slightly posterior to the pituitary gland

Question 19

What is the pituitary glands function in relation to other endocrine glands

Answer 19

It has the master control over all other endocrine glands

Question 20

In which bone does the Sella Turcica reside for the pituitary gland

Answer 20

Sphenoid Bone

Question 21

What are the distinct parts of the pituitary gland

Answer 21

Anterior and Posterior

Question 22

What type of tissue is the anterior pituitary gland made from

Answer 22

Endocrine

Question 23

What type of tissue is the posterior pituitary gland made from

Answer 23

Neural

Question 24

What is the Embryonic origin of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Answer 24

Oral Ectoderm from roof of mouth

Question 25

What is the Embryonic origin of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Answer 25

Neuroectoderm of the diecephalon

Question 26

What is the arterial blood supply of the pituitary gland

Answer 26

Superior and Inferior Hypophyseal arteries

Question 27

Where does the Pituitary venous drainage empty into

Answer 27

Cavernous Sinus

Question 28

Do the hypothalmic axons release neurohormones directly into the Anterior Pituitary gland

Answer 28

No

Question 29

In the anterior pituitary lobe where do the hypothalmic axons release neurohormones

Answer 29

The primary cappillary plexus

Question 30

What connects the primary and secondary cappillary plexuses of the anterior pituitary gland

Answer 30

The Hypothalamo Hypophyseal Portal system

Question 31

In the anterior pituitary lobe in which cappillary plexus do the endocrine cells reside

Answer 31

The secondary plexus

Question 32

Are the endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary lobe stimulated by hormones or impulses from the hypothalamus

Answer 32

Hormones

Question 33

What cells secrete hormones into the posterior pituitary lobe

Answer 33

Neural cells of the Hypothalamus directly

Question 34

Which type of hormones are secreted from the posterior pituitary lobe

Answer 34

Neurohormones

Question 35

What Hormones do Somatotoph cells secrete

Answer 35

Growth Hormone

Question 36

What Hormones do Mammotroph cells secrete

Answer 36

Prolactin which stimulates lactation

Question 37

What Hormones do Corticotroph cells secrete

Answer 37

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Melanocyte Simulating Hormone

Question 38

What Hormones do Thyrotoph cells secrete

Answer 38

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Question 39

What Hormones do Gonadotroph cells secrete

Answer 39

Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Leutinising Hormone

Question 40

Posterior Pituitary lobe consists mainly of

Answer 40

Neural Tissue

Question 41

Anterior Pituitary lobe consists mainly of

Answer 41

Endocrine Tissue

Question 42

What two cells types form the posterior lobe of the Pertuitary

Answer 42

Non-mylinated axons and Pituicyte support cells

Question 43

What is the rough Histology of the Anterior Pituitary Lobe

Answer 43

Chords of specialised epithelial cells interspersed with cappillaries

Question 44

Which 2 arteries supply the thyroid gland

Answer 44

Superior and Inferior Thyroid arteries

Question 45

The Superior thyroid artery is derived from

Answer 45

The External Carotid artery

Question 46

The Inferior thyroid artery is derived from via the

Answer 46

The Subclavian Artery via the Thyrocervical Trunk

Question 47

Which 3 Veins drain the Thyroid gland

Answer 47

Superior Middle and Inferior Thyroid veins

Question 48

Which large vein do 2 of the thyroid veins empty into

Answer 48

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 49

Which Thyroid veins empty into the Internal Jugular Vein

Answer 49

Superior and Middle

Question 50

Which larger vein does the Inferior Thyroid vein drain into

Answer 50

Brachiocephalic vein

Question 51

Which Pharyngeal arch does the thyroid develop from

Answer 51

2nd

Question 52

What is the name of the envagination or oral endoderm that forms the thyroid gland

Answer 52

Thyroid Premordium

Question 53

The Thyroid gland begins its descent from the base of what early structure

Answer 53

Tongue

Question 54

Does the Thyrid gland descend anteriorly or posteriorly to the developing hyoid bone

Answer 54

Anteriorly

Question 55

What is the name of the remnant tube left behind as the developing thyroid descends

Answer 55

Thyroglossal Duct

Question 56

What is the rough histology of the thyroid gland

Answer 56

Colloid filled follicles with a single layer of epithelial follicular cells at their circumference

Question 57

What 2 cell types are found in the Thyroid

Answer 57

Parafollicular Cells

Question 58

What hormone do Parafollicular cells secrete

Answer 58

Calcitonin

Question 59

What hormones do Follicular cells secrete

Answer 59

Triiodothyronine or T3 and Thyroxine or T4

Question 60

Thyroid tissue is different to all other endocrine tissue how

Answer 60

Only one that stores large quantities of its secretory product rather than producing on demand

Question 61

Which Pharyngeal pouch do the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland develop from

Answer 61

4th

Question 62

Which cells are more numerous in their tissue Follicular or Parafollicular

Answer 62

Follicular cells are much more numerous

Question 63

On average how many Parathyroid glands does a person have

Answer 63

4

Question 64

What two subcatagories are the parathyroid glands named

Answer 64

Superior and Inferior

Question 65

What arterial supply do the parathyroid glands have

Answer 65

Superior or Inferior Thyroid arteries depending on location

Question 66

What venus supply do the parathyroid glands have

Answer 66

To plexus on anterior surface of thyroid gland

Question 67

What 2 cell types are found in the Parathyroid glands

Answer 67

Chief or Principle cells and Oxyphil Cells

Question 68

What it the rough histology structure of the Parathyroid glands

Answer 68

Cordlike clusters of cells around cappillaries similarly to anterior pituitary gland

Question 69

What hormone is secreted by the Chief cells in the parathyroid

Answer 69

Parathyroid Hormone

Question 70

Do the parathyroid glands form from pharyngeal arches or pouches

Answer 70

Pouches

Question 71

Which Pharyngeal pouch does the Superior Parathyroid gland develop from

Answer 71

4th

Question 72

Which Pharyngeal pouch does the Inferior Parathyroid gland develop from

Answer 72

3rd