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Radiography Unit 314 > Block 3 > Flashcards

Block 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Stochastic effects are what?

A

Effects that occur by chance and which may occur without a threshold level of dose.

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2
Q

If X-ray equipment appears to be damaged or leaking who should be notified?

A

The RPA (radiation protection advisor)

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3
Q

What do X-ray photons do to the silver halide crystals that cover a film?

A

Penetrate them to reach the film

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4
Q

What does a chronic periapical abscess show up as on an X-ray?

A

Circular area at the apex of a tooth

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5
Q

If a dentist wanted to assess existing restorations on LL6 and 7 what would be the best radiograph to take?

A

Bitewing

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6
Q

Which periapical technique allows for the actual tooth length to be captured?

A

Paralleling

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7
Q

Which type of radiograph is used extensively in orthodontics, in comparison to others?

A

Cephalostats

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8
Q

Bitewings should show:

A

The crowns of premolar and molar teeth

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9
Q

Developer converts the sensitised silver halide crystals on a film into black metallic silver which produces which parts of the image?

A

White parts

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10
Q

Why should X-ray solutions be kept covered?

A

To reduce oxidisation

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11
Q

What is used to take a digital X-ray?

A

Sensor plate

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12
Q

During digital radiographs X-ray energy is released as light and converted into what?

A

Photons

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13
Q

What is the main reason out of date film should not be used?

A

Film will not expose correctly

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14
Q

What do intraoral film packets have to help identify the correct orientation?

A

Marked with a pimple

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15
Q

The larger the number on an X-ray film packet:

A

The larger the film

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16
Q

How many steps are there in manual film processing?

A

Four

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17
Q

Bitewings are used for?

A

Detection of caries

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18
Q

Which step out of the following helps prevent a large radiolucent area near the palate as seen on panoramic X-rays?
By the patient smiling with their lips closed
By the patient smiling with their lips open
By the patient placing their tongue in the roof of their mouth
Having the patient bite on a fixed bite block

A

By the patient placing their tongue in the roof of their mouth

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19
Q

At what point can the red safety light be switched off?

A

Red light needs to stay on until the film is fixed, at this stage normal lights can then be placed on

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20
Q

In manual processing a film should be immersed in developer for:

A

5 minutes

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21
Q

In manual processing a film should be immersed in fixer for:

A

8-10 minutes

22
Q

Processing chemicals should be disposed of as:

A

Non infectious chemical waste

23
Q

Digital radiography eliminates the need for:

A

Chemicals

24
Q

Orthopantomographs show:

A

Both jaws in full and all teeth

25
Q

Cephalostats are used extensively in:

A

Orthodontics

26
Q

A lateral oblique radiograph shows:

A

The jaw and molar teeth of either left or right hand side

27
Q

Extraoral cassettes contain how many intensifying screens

A

2 intensifying screens

28
Q

Occlusal radiographs show:

A

Either mandible or maxilla

29
Q

The two techniques used to take periapical xray’s are

A

Bisecting angle and paralleling

30
Q

Which is the best radiograph to take for assessment of the antral floor?

A

OPG

31
Q 
A patient attends with a suspected carious lesion in the lower right first molar tooth. Which radiographic view would normally be taken to diagnose this lesion?
Dental pantomograph
Horizontal bite-wing
Occlusal
Periapical
Vertical bite-wing
A

Horizontal bite-wing

This view is routinely used to view the interproximal areas of the posterior teeth.

32
Q

The stages of manual chemical processing are:

A

Develop, wash, fix, wash, dry

33
Q

How often should regular maintenance of x-ray equipment be carried out?

A

Every 3 years

34
Q

What makes up an intraoral film?

A
  1. Plastic envelope
  2. Black paper
  3. Film
  4. Lead foil
35
Q

Vertical bitewings are useful to show:

A

Periodontal bone levels of posterior teeth
True pockets
Midroot of the uppers to midroot of the lowers

36
Q

Periapical are useful to show:

A

Decting abscesses
Root morphology before XLA
Endo
Perio status

37
Q

Occlusal are useful for:

A

Detecting supernumerary teeth
Evaluation of cysts/tumors
To view unerupted teeth

38
Q

Intensifying screens do what?

A

They reduce the dose of radiation exposure. They also intensify the x-ray photons by producing a larger amount of light photons.

39
Q

OPG is useful for:

A 
Ortho assessment
Assessment of wisdom teeth
Assessment of bone loss
Implant planning
Diagnosing jaw fractures
40
Q

Cephalostat are useful for:

A

Ortho treatment planning
Monitoring jaw growth
Monitoring treatment progress

41
Q

A fogged films means:

A

The film was exposed to light before exposure.

42
Q

An elongated image means:

A

The collimator angle was too shallow - it creates a long image.

43
Q

A foreshortening image means:

A

The collimator angle was too steep - it creates a squat image

44
Q

A coning fault is:

A

The collimator angle was not central to the film - part of the image will be missing

45
Q

Blurred image means

A

The patient or X-ray tube moved during exposure

46
Q

A transparent image or faint imagine with an overlaying pattern means:

A

The film was placed the wrong way round. The lead foil pattern may be shown on the film

47
Q

Blank spots on the radiograph means:

A

The film was splashed with fixer before developing

48
Q

Brown or green stains on the radiograph means

A

Inadequate fixing due to old solution being used

49
Q

A crazed pattern on a radiograph means:

A

The film dried too quickly

50
Q

Cystals on film means:

A

That the radiograph wasn’t washed sufficiently after fixing

51
Q

Where should fixer and developer be stored?

A

On a low shelf in a cool and dry place

Radiography Unit 314 (1 decks)

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