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Lymph and Salivary > Block 2 > Flashcards

Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What initiates the development of the lymph nodes?

A

The LEC(Lymphatic Endothelial Cells) leak out of the blood vessels.

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2
Q

Nodules are formed when the LEC’s aggregate and form ________ with mesenchyme.

A

Lymph sacs

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3
Q

Nodes are formed when the nodules become surrounded by _____.

A

sinuses

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4
Q

What are the two types of lymphocytes that reside in the node?

A

B and T

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5
Q

Lymphatic cells migrate to node from which 3 areas?

A

mesenchyme, thymus, and Marrow

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6
Q

The lymph node is surrounded by a capsule and bands of connective tissue called ________ that extend into the capsule and node.

A

trabeculae

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7
Q

Lymph fluid is received from _____ lymphatic vessels

then flows over nodules of lymphocytes.

A

afferent

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8
Q

Filtered lymph collects in the medulla then drains out an _________lymphatic vessel at the _____ of the node.

A

efferent

hilum

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9
Q

How is extracellular fluid collected into the lymph system?

A

Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries

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10
Q

Does lymph collected in the capillaries return to the arterial or venous system?

A

Venous

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11
Q

Tonsils are formed from lymph ____.

A

sacs

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12
Q

What type of lymphatic tissue do tonsils contain?

A

unencapsulated

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13
Q

What type of epithelium are tonsils covered in?

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a tonsillar crypt?

A

To increase surface area

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15
Q

What is the clinical diagnosis of debris collection or calcification within a tonsillar crypt?

A

Tonsilloliths

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the tonsillar ring?

A

Immunologic “First pass” protection at the common entrance of the digestive and respiratory tracts

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17
Q

What are the 4 main tonsils of the tonsillar ring?

A

Adenoids (pharyngeal), tubal, palentine, lingual

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18
Q

What are the three major salivary glands?

A

Parotid, submandibular, sublingual

19
Q

How does the Parotid gland develop?

A

From an invagination of ectoderm between the maxillary and mandibular swellings

20
Q

True or False

Saliva glands are formed from epithelial-mesenchymal interactions

A

True

21
Q

What are the two types of salivary gland secretions?

A

Serous and Mucous

22
Q

Serous saliva is thin/watery and contains which 3 major components?

A

Enzymes, lactoferrin and immunoglobulin A (to neutralize bacteria)

23
Q

Thicker, mucous type saliva is generally produced in response to what kind of stimuli, parasympathetic or sympathetic?

A

Sympathetic

24
Q

Is saliva hypotonic or hypertonic?

A

Hypotonic

25
Q 
True or False
Saliva contains the following:
Electrolytes
Amylase
Lipase
Lactoferrin
Immunoglobulin A
Lysozyme
Mucous 
SLIPI
A

True

26
Q

Name the 3 types of salivary ducts

A

Intercalated, Striated, and Excretory

27
Q

Describe the type of epithelium found in each type of salivary duct

A

Intercalated : simple cuboidal epithelium

Striated: simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium

Excretory: simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium and occasionally stratified columnar epithelium

28
Q

The Intercalated salivary duct is responsible for receiving fluid from the _______.

A

acinus

29
Q

The striated salivary duct creates a more hypotonic solution by removing _____ and secreting _____ into the saliva.

A

NaCl (salt)

Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

30
Q

What is the function of the excretory duct?

A

To transport/connect the saliva with the oral cavity

31
Q

Where could you find minor salivary glands?

A

Present throughout the tongue and lining the oral mucosa

32
Q

Minor salivary glands produce antimicrobial agents such as ____.

A

Lysozyme

33
Q

If minor salivary glands become damaged they form ____.

A

Mucoceles

34
Q

Where are the Parotid glands located on the face?

A

Lateral boarder of face and anterior to the ear

35
Q

Which are the largest salivary glands?

A

Parotid

36
Q

Are the parotid glands primarily mucous or serous secreting?

A

Serous (stains dark on slides)

37
Q

What percentage of saliva is produced by each gland?

A

Salivary 25%
Submandibular 70%
Sublingual 5%

38
Q

Which disease can affect the parotid glands?

A

Mumps

39
Q

Where are the submandibular glands located on the face?

A

Lateral boarder of the mandible

40
Q

Are the submandibular glands mucous or serous secreting?

A

It is a mixed gland and therefore has both types of cells

41
Q

Where are the sublingual glands located?

A

Below the anterior portion of the tongue

42
Q

Are the sublingual glands predominately mucous or serous secreting?

A

Mucous (although it does have both type of cells)

43
Q

The salivary glands can become clogged with calcification. This condition is known as _____.

A

Salivary Gland Stones or Sailolithiosis

44
Q

What is the treatment for sailolithiosis?

A

Prevention is with hydration
Gland massage
Sour lemon juice to increase salivary flow

Lymph and Salivary (1 decks)

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